水中抗生素的去除技术研究进展

Research progress on removal technology of antibiotics in water

随着时代的发展,抗生素在医疗行业、农业、畜牧业中的使用量逐年增加。污废水的排入增加了天然水体中的抗生素含量,对生态环境和人类健康构成严重威胁和潜在危害。治理水中的抗生素污染已成为国内外研究的热点,大量学者对抗生素的去除技术进行了研究。基于目前的研究现状,系统介绍了各种抗生素的来源、危害以及污染现状,重点阐述了饮用水处理领域国内外的抗生素去除技术发展,介绍了抗生素的去除技术(物理法、化学法、高级氧化法、生物法等)、机理和典型抗生素的降解路径,分析了这些抗生素去除技术的优缺点,并对水中抗生素的去除方法及技术未来发展方向进行了展望,以期为水中抗生素去除方法及技术的选用提供一定参考和借鉴。对于水中抗生素的去除研究,今后应通过各类工艺的组合或耦合联用开发出更加经济、高效的去除技术,同时应关注降解产物的生成及溶液毒性的变化。

With the development of the era,the use of antibiotics in the medical industry,agriculture,and animal husbandry has increased year by year.The discharge of wastewater increases the antibiotic content in natural water bodies,which poses a serious threat and potential hazard to ecological environment and human health.The treatment of antibiotic in water has become a hot spot of research at home and abroad,and a large number of scholars have studied the removal technology of antibiotics.Based on the current research status,the sources,hazards and pollution status of various antibiotics were introduced systematically.The development of antibiotic removal technology in the field of drinking water treatment at home and abroad was highlighted.The removal techniques of antibiotics(physical methods,chemical methods,advanced oxidation,biological methods,etc.),mechanisms and degradation pathways of typical antibiotics were presented.The advantages and disadvantages of these antibiotic removal technologies were analyzed.And the future directions of antibiotic removal methods and technologies in water were prospected,in order to provide some reference for the selection of antibiotic removal methods in water.For the study of antibiotic removal in water,more economical and efficient removal techniques should be developed in the future through the combination of various processes,and attention should be paid to the generation of degradation products and variation in solution toxicity.