特朗普政府以来美国亚太军事霸权转型

The Transformation of US Military Hegemony in the Asia-Pacific since the Trump Administration

自特朗普政府以来,美国以中国为假想敌、不断调整在亚太的军事部署,安全战略态势从离岸平衡转向中心主导,军事基地布局从一线拒止向二线打击延伸,军事同盟结构由权威等级向利益扁平化发展,总体军事基调愈益锐化,呈现出霸权转型之势。美国亚太军事霸权转型大体遵循以权势霸权弥补制度霸权失效、借力同盟增加权力安全距离的思路,最终目的在于霸权护持。然而,美国亚太军事霸权转型效果并不理想,虽取得短期成效,但同盟嫌隙持久存续,秩序重塑漏洞百出,美国的霸权主导难以维系,被迫逐渐向霸权护持过渡。

In recent years,the United States has continuously adjusted its military deployment in the Asia-Pacific with China as its imaginary enemy.The security strategic posture has shifted from offshore balance to central leadership,and the layout of military bases has extended from frontline denial to second-line strike.The overall military tone has become sharper,showing a trend of hegemonic transformation.The transformation of US military hegemony in the Asia-Pacific generally follows the idea of using power hegemony to make up for the failure of institutional hegemony and leveraging alliances to increase the safe distance of power.The ultimate goal is to maintain hegemony.However,the transformation of the US military hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region has not achieved satisfactory results.Although it has achieved short-term results,alliance dissatisfaction persists,and the reshaping of order is full of loopholes.The United States has found it difficult to maintain its dominant position since the Cold War,and has been forced to transition to maintaining hegemony.