基于权重系数的谐波减速器公差设计

Research on Tolerance Design Method of Harmonic Reducer Based on Weight Coefficient

公差设计作为谐波减速器设计中的关键环节,对整机的传动精度和加工性能具有重要影响,当前谐波减速器的公差大都基于经验设计,为此提出了一种基于权重系数的谐波减速器的公差设计方法。对主要误差因素进行全局敏感性分析构建各误差因素的敏感性权重系数,利用三角模糊层次分析法(TFAHP)对加工难易度进行分析获得加工难易度权重系数,采用几何平均数法综合敏感性权重系数与加工难易度权重系数得到总权重系数,由此求解各误差因素的许用传动误差分量,从而得到公差设计值实现谐波减速器的公差分配设计。实例分析表明该方法在保证谐波减速器传动精度的同时,可根据加工难易度调整公差值,有利于降低加工难度及成本,为工程中谐波减速器的公差设计提供理论指导。

As the key link in the design of harmonic reducers,the tolerance design has an important influence on the transmission accuracy and machining performance of the entire machine.At present,the tolerance design of harmonic reducers is mostly based on experience,so this paper presents a tolerance design method of harmonic reducers based on weight coefficient.The global sensitivity analysis of the main error factors is carried out to construct the sensitivity weight coefficients of each error factor.Triangular fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(TFAHP)is used to analyze the machining difficulty,and the weight coefficient of machining difficulty is obtained.The sensitivity weight coefficient and the machining difficulty weight coefficient are combined to get the total weight coefficient by the geometric mean method.The allowable transmission error component of each error factor is solved and the tolerance design value is obtained to realize the tolerance distribution design of harmonic reducers.A case study shows that this method can not only ensure the transmission accuracy of harmonic reducers,but also adjust the tolerance value according to the machining difficulty,which is beneficial to reduce the machining difficulty and cost,and can provide theoretical guidance for the tolerance design of harmonic reducers in engineering.