钢制多通道结构液冷板散热特性仿真分析

Simulation Analysis of Heat Dissipation Characteristics of Steel Multi-channel Structure Liquid-cooling Plate

不锈钢多通道液冷板相比传统铝合金液冷板具有强度高、耐蚀性好、成本低等优点。基于Fluent软件建立了钢制多通道电池包液冷系统的CFD仿真模型,分析了不同通道数液冷板对电池温度和进出口压差的影响规律。结果表明:电池的温度随着液冷板通道数增加而降低,当通道数增加到46以后,对电池温度的影响逐渐趋缓;进出口压差随着液冷板通道数增加而增大,当通道数大于46,其进出口压差呈指数形式上升,综合考虑散热效率和泵功耗,获得了最优通道数及液冷板流道结构。在该结构基础上,对冷却液进口速度和冷却液温度进行了模拟分析。结果表明:冷却液进口速度越大,电池温度越低,但是冷却液进口速度达到0.5 m/s后出现热饱和现象;冷却液温度降低会降低电池的最大温度,但同时会增大电池的最大温差,综合考虑最大温度和最大温差,采用冷却液进口温度控制在25℃较为合理。

Based on Fluent software,the CFD simulation model of the liquid cooling system of the steel multi-channel battery pack is established,and the influence of the liquid cooling plates with various number of channels on the battery temperature and the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet is analyzed.When the number of channels increases to 46,the effect on the battery temperature turns gradually unapparent;the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet increases with the number of channels of the liquid cooling plate.When the number of channels is greater than 46,the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet increases exponentially.Taking into account the heat dissipation efficiency and pump power consumption,the optimal number of channels and the flow channel structure of the liquid cooling plate are obtained.On the basis of this structure,the simulation analysis of the cooling liquid inlet velocity and the cooling liquid temperature is carried out.The results show that the higher the cooling liquid inlet velocity,the lower the battery temperature,but the phenomenon of thermal saturation occurs when the cooling liquid inlet velocity reaches 0.5 m/s.The decrease in the coolant temperature will reduce the maximum temperature of the battery,but at the same time will increase the maximum temperature difference in the battery.Considering the maximum temperature and the maximum temperature difference,it is reasonable to control the inlet temperature of the coolant at 25℃.