论新闻报道对个人信息的合理使用——基于场景理论的视角

On the rational use of personal information in news reports--based on the perspective of the contextual integrity theory

新闻报道离不开信息的处理与传播,个人信息亦概莫能外,以公共利益为导向的新闻报道具有使用个人信息的现实需求,个人信息的可识别性和价值性导致对其使用和保护之间存在冲突。为达致私益与公益的平衡,在新闻报道中需对个人信息的使用与保护之间的关系进行调节。因此,需要引入场景理论进行具体情境下合理使用的判断,在适当性规则与流动性规则的指导下,对新闻报道使用个人信息的目的、方式、程度和结果进行指引和阐释,在维护公共利益的同时,将使用结果造成的不利影响降到最低,以实现新闻报道中使用个人信息的正当化与合理化。

News reporting cannot be separated from the processing and dissemination of information,and personal information is no exception.Public interest oriented news reporting has a practical need to use personal information.The identifiability and value of personal information lead to conflicts between its use and protection.In order to achieve a balance between private interests and public welfare,the relationship between the use and protection of personal information should be adjusted in news reporting.Therefore,it is necessary to introduce scene theory to judge the reasonable use of personal information in specific situations,and guide and explain the purpose,manner,extent,and results of using personal information in news reports under the guidance of appropriateness rules and liquidity rules,while safeguarding the public interest,minimize the adverse impact caused by the use of results to achieve the legitimacy and rationalization of the use of personal information in news reporting.