新冠肺炎疫情下灵活就业人员社会保障问题与对策——基于济南市的调查数据分析

Social security problems and countermeasures for flexible employees under COVID-19--Analysis of survey data based on Jinan City

新冠肺炎疫情期间,灵活就业人员收入减少、失业等现象频发。部分灵活就业人员工作不稳定、缺乏社会保障和劳动合同的保护,在失业期间得不到基本的生活保障。社会保障制度不健全、灵活就业人员自我保障意识薄弱以及保障模式过于简单是当前灵活就业人员社会保障存在的主要问题。完善灵活就业人员社会保障政策需要多措并举,政府应为灵活就业人员建立起“多支柱”的保障体系;创新失业保险制度,扩大覆盖范围;合理引导劳动力流动,促进失业的灵活就业人员再就业与增收;待时机成熟时,将新冠肺炎疫情期间的临时性政策转变为长效保障机制,以成熟的机制应对未来的风险。

During COVID-19,the income of flexible employees decreased and unemployment occurred frequently.Some flexible employees have unstable jobs,lack the protection of social security and labor contracts,and can not receive basic living security during the period of unemployment.The main problems in the current social security system for flexible employees are the imperfect social security system,the weak self-security consciousness of flexible employees and the excessively simple security model.It is necessary to take multiple measures to improve the social security policy for flexible employees,and the government should establish a“multi-pillar”security system for flexible employees,innovate the unemployment insurance system and expand its coverage,reasonably guide the flow of labor force,and promote the re-employment and increase income of unemployed flexible employees.When the time is appropriate,the temporary policies during COVID-19 should be transformed into a long-term security mechanism to deal with future risks with a mature mechanism.