科学构建数据要素交易制度

Scientific Construction of Data Element Trading System

我国的数据要素蕴涵着巨大的潜在价值,亟需通过安全、顺畅的流通交易过程来将潜在价值转化为现实价值。目前,阻碍我国数据要素价值实现的问题可以归结为数据要素流通体制机制不畅,具体表现为:数据产权制度待完善、数据交易体系不健全、数据多元权益配置规则需明晰、数据安全治理亟待规范等多个方面。基于此,数据要素价值的实现需要配套的法治体系作保障。数据要素交易法治体系的构建,要贯穿数据要素确权、流通与交易、权益分配的全过程,以平衡数据要素交易安全与发展两者间的关系。具体来看,构建与完善实现数据要素价值、保障数据要素交易安全的法治体系,应以问题为导向,解决数据要素交易制度运行中数据权属界定不明晰、交易规则不统一、保护体系不完善等问题,以数据要素权益的确认、实现及保护为主线和抓手,推动数据要素流通与交易的健康发展。

China's data elements have great potential value,and it is urgent to transform the potential value into real value through a safe and smooth circulation and trading process.At present,the problems that hinder the realization of the value of data elements in China can be attributed to the poor circulation mechanism,which is manifested in the following aspects:the data property rights system and the data trading system need to be improved,the allocation rules of multiple data rights and interests require clarification,and the data security governance is in need of regulation.Based the above,the realization of the value of data elements needs a supporting rule of law system as a guarantee.The construction of such a system for data element trading should implement the whole process of data element affirmation,circulation and trading,and distribution of rights and interests,in order to balance the relationship between its security and development.Specifically,the construction and improvement of the rule of law system that realizes the value of data elements and guarantees the security of their transactions should be problem-oriented,address the problems of unclear definition of data ownership,inconsistent trading rules and imperfect protection system in the operation of the trading system,and promote the healthy development of data element circulation and trading by focusing on the affirmation,realization and protection of the rights and interests of data elements.