基于乡村多元价值的乡村振兴类型与路径——以重庆市为例

Classification and path of rural revitalization from the perspective of rural multi-value:A case study of Chongqing Municipality

【目的】本文旨在解构乡村多元价值的内涵,测度重庆市乡村多元价值水平,为进一步促进重庆市乡村振兴提供理论支持与实践指导。【方法】基于2020年重庆市乡村矢量数据与属性数据,运用变异系数法确定权重,构建乡村多元价值评价模型,测度重庆市37个区县的乡村多元价值水平并分析其空间格局,在此基础上运用区位熵法识别乡村多元价值短板。【结果】2020年重庆市乡村多元价值总体上呈现出“南高北低,高值集聚分布、低值点缀”的空间格局。具体地,重庆市乡村经济价值呈现出“西高东低,高值显著集中”的空间特征;乡村社会价值“西高东低”;乡村生态价值“由渝东北、渝东南向西逐渐递减”;乡村文化价值呈现出“高值点缀,低值连片分布”的空间格局。按照“分区—划片—重点”的思路,结合区位熵法计算结果,将重庆市乡村分为了9种类型。【结论】以乡村空间为介质探讨了乡村多元价值的实质与表征,为不同乡村类型提出了乡村振兴路径。研究结果可为激发乡村内生发展动力,推进乡村振兴提供理论支撑与实践指导。

[Objective]To deconstruct the connotation of rural multi-value,measure the level of rural multi-value in Chongqing,and provide theoretical support and practical guidance for further promoting rural revitalization in Chongqing.[Methods]Based on the relevant vector data and attribute data of Chongqing rural area in 2020,the weight is determined by the coefficient of variation method.This paper constructs a rural multi-value evaluation model to measure the level of rural multi-value in 37 counties of Chongqing and analyzes its spatial pattern.[Results]In 2020,the rural multi-values in Chongqing generally presented a spatial pattern of high in the south and low in the north,with high value agglomerations but low value areas were dispersed.Specifically,the rural economic value presents the spatial characteristics of“high in the west and low in the east”;The rural social value presents the spatial characteristics of“high in the west and low in the east”;The rural ecological value presents the spatial characteristics of“gradually decreasing from northeast and southeast of Chongqing to west”;The rural cultural value presents a spatial pattern of“high value dotted with low value contiguous distribution”.With the help of the trend analysis method of ArcGIS,the results show that the rural multi-value in Chongqing is“raised in the middle and low at both ends”in the east-west direction,while it is“high at both ends and low in the middle”in the north-south direction.Following the rural revitalization idea of“zoning-scribing-focusing”,Chongqing is divided into nine rural revitalization types:metropolitan area-low ecological value,metropolitan area-low social value,metropolitan area-low cultural value,ecological conservation development area in Northeast Chongqing-low economic value,ecological conservation development area in Northeast Chongqing-low ecological value,ecological conservation development area in Northeast Chongqing-low cultural value,ecological protection development area in Southeast Chongqing-low economic value,ecological protection development area in Southeast Chongqing-low cultural value,ecological protection development area in Southeast Chongqing-low social value.According to different types of villages,this paper puts forward specific revitalization paths.[Conclusion]Taking the rural space as the medium,this paper discusses the essence and characterization of rural multi-value,and constructs an evaluation index system to measure the level of rural multi-value in Chongqing Through the classification of types,this paper puts forward the research results of rural revitalization path,which can provide theoretical support and practical guidance for Chongqing to stimulate rural endogenous development momentum and promote rural revitalization.