博物馆纳粹大屠杀主题国际展览中的跨文化记忆转化

Cross-Cultural Transformation of Memory in Museums'International Holocaust Exhibitions

博物馆不仅是文化记忆的存储媒介,更是记忆共享与转化的重要载体。21世纪以来,以纳粹大屠杀为主题的博物馆国际展览在记忆的跨文化转化上表现突出。此类展览通过选择与展出地存在时空关联的选题,促进文化他者到自我记忆的转化;以伦理和道德的视角揭示人性之善恶,将存储记忆转换为功能记忆;运用个人叙事方式构建理性表述、激发情感共鸣,助推集体记忆向个人记忆转变。国际经验表明,实现文化记忆在主体、客体与方法上的三重转化,博物馆展览更能深入人心、产生影响。

In addition to serving as a repository for cultural memory,museums play a crucial role in the dissemination and transformation of memory.Since the turn of the century,international Holocaust exhibitions have excelled at cross-cultural memory transformation.By selecting themes with a spatial and temporal connection to the holding sites,these exhibitions facilitate the reconfiguration of the cultural otherness to self-memory;by revealing the goodness and evil of human nature from an ethical and moral perspective,they reshape storage memory into functional memory;and by employing personal narratives to construct rational representations and stimulate emotional resonance,they facilitate the conversion of collective memory into personal memory.International experience demonstrates that museum exhibitions are more likely to reach people's hearts and have an impact when cultural memory is triple transformed in terms of subject,object,and method.