改性氧化石墨烯对硬质聚氨酯泡沫的协效阻燃

Synergistic Flame Retardant of Modified Graphene Oxide in Rigid Polyurethane Foam

硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)具有较好的隔热保温性能,但是,易燃烧,需要提高其阻燃性能。制备氧化石墨烯(GO)后,采用氧化锌(ZnO)对GO的分散性进行改性,复配阻燃剂,应用于RPUF的阻燃处理。利用锥形量热、氧指数、红外光谱、X射线衍射、透射电镜和热重,对其阻燃性能和阻燃机理进行研究。结果表明,ZnO成功负载于GO表面,同时改善了GO的分散性及热稳定性,FGO/RPUF阻燃复合材料的LOI为28.8,与纯RPUF(LOIRPUF=19.4)相比,提高了9.4,燃烧等级达到了V-0级;CO_(2)释放量、烟释放总量和热释放总量与GO/RPUF阻燃复合材料相比,分别降低了6.75%、7.64%和11.33%,残炭量提升了3.35%。加入GO后,“蠕虫状”的膨胀炭层更加致密、平整,阻燃性能得到提升。

Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) had excellent thermal insulation properties.However,it was easy combustion,so its flame retardancy need to be improved.Firstly,graphene oxide(GO) was prepared,then zinc oxide(ZnO) was used to modify the dispersion of GO,and flame retardant was compounded,which was applied to the flame retardant treatment of RPUF.The flame retardant performance and flame retardant mechanism were studied by cone calorimetry,oxygen index,infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,and thermogravimetry.The results showed that ZnO was successfully loaded on the surface of GO,and the dispersion and thermal stability of GO were improved at the same time.The LOI of FCO/RPUF flame-retardant composite was 28.8,which was 9.4 higher than pure RPUF(LOIpur=19.4),and the combustion level reaches V-0.Compared with GO/RPUF flameretardant composite,the amount of CO_(2)emissions,total smoke emissions and total heat emissions were reduced by 6.75%,7.64% and 11.33%,respectively,and the amount of carbon remaining increased by 3.35%.The addition of GO makes the"worm-like"expanded carbon layer was denser and flatter,so the flame retardancy had been improved.