驱动蛋白KIF4A染色体定位的调控机制

Molecular Regulation of Chromosomal Localization of Kinesin KIF4A

KIF4A是一类可以利用自身马达结构域水解ATP获取能量,并沿着微管向其正极末端方向移动的分子马达。因其在细胞分裂过程中与染色体结合,又称染色体驱动蛋白。KIF4A在细胞周期的不同时期都发挥重要作用。在有丝分裂间期,KIF4A与染色质结合,稳定染色质结构。在有丝分裂早期细胞中,KIF4A参与染色体的凝缩、中板集合及整列。至有丝分裂晚期,KIF4A参与中央纺锤体的形成,调控染色体的分离和胞质分裂的完成。KIF4A的细胞学作用决定于该分子马达在各个细胞结构的正确定位,因此KIF4A调控染色体的各种功能依赖于该分子马达在染色体的定位。目前研究显示,众多因素影响KIF4A在染色体的定位,该文通过综述已发表的控制KIF4A染色体定位的因素,阐述调控KIF4A在染色体定位的分子机制,为深入研究KIF4A调控染色体功能的机制提供新的思路。

KIF4A is a kind of molecular motor that can hydrolyze ATP for energy using its own motor domain and move along microtubules towards its plus-end.KIF4A is also called chromokinesin because of its binding to chromosomes during cell division.KIF4A plays an important role in different phases of the cell cycle.During the interphase,KIF4A binds to chromatin and stabilizes chromatin structure.In early mitotic cells,KIF4A is involved in chromosome condensation,congression and alignment.By late mitosis,KIF4A is involved in the formation of central spindle,which regulates chromosome segregation and cytokinesis.The cytological function of KIF4A is determined by the correct localization of this molecular motor in each cell structure.Therefore,the various functions of KIF4A in regulating chromosomes rely on the localization of the molecular motor in the chromosome.Current studies have shown that many factors affect the localization of KIF4A on chromosomes.This article reviews the published factors controlling the localization of KIF4A on chromosomes and expounds the molecular mechanism regulating the localization of KIF4A on chromosomes,so as to provide new ideas for further research on the functional mechanism of KIF4A regulating chromosome.