A Brief Introduction to Organic Electrodeposition and a Review of the Fabrication of OLEDs based on Electrodeposition Technology

Electrodeposition is an old and effective method for the fabrication of organic films.Though electrodeposited organic films have been widely used in various applications,highly luminescent films have been a great challenge because the electrochemically doped state may strongly quench the fluorescence.In the first part of this review,the organic electrodeposition techniques,along with general electropolymerization and other special electrodepositions are introduced.In the second part of the review,we describe how to electrochemically fabricate luminescent films for organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs).With the rational molecular design and well-controlled electrodeposition process,we have not only demonstrated high-performance OLEDs,but also paved a promising way to practice active-matrix OLEDs(AMOLEDs)and super-resolution OLEDs.In particular,RGB 3×3 array OLEDs based on active-matrix substrates,RGB passive-matrix OLEDs(PMOLEDs)with a resolution of 210 ppi,and monochromatic OLEDs with a super-resolution of 2822 ppi have been successfully fabricated.It is highly anticipated that the organic electrodeposition technology is of comparable or perhaps even higher contenders in manufacturing and downscaling OLEDs and AMOLEDs with low-cost and high-resolution for the human-computer interaction fields such as augmented reality(AR),virtual reality(VR),etc.