镜湖区2014—2020年居民恶性肿瘤死亡趋势分析

Mortality trend of malignant tumor among residents in Jinghu District from 2014 to 2020

目的 分析镜湖区居民恶性肿瘤死亡特征及变化趋势,为科学制定肿瘤防治政策提供依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2014—2020年镜湖区居民恶性肿瘤资料,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率、死因顺位、死亡趋势、年度变化百分比(APC),分析恶性肿瘤死亡趋势。结果 2014—2018年芜湖市镜湖区居民肿瘤死亡率上升(APC=4.68%,P=0.173),2018—2020年下降(APC=-6.24%,P=0.451),但差异无统计学意义。2014—2018年男性恶性肿瘤死亡率上升(APC=3.85%,P=0.019),2018—2020年下降(APC=7.57%,P=0.040),两个时段变化均有统计学意义;2014—2020年女性恶性肿瘤死亡率呈上升趋势,但差异无统计学意义(t=1.310,P=0.250)。2014—2020年恶性肿瘤死因顺位前5位是肺癌、胃癌、结肠直肠肛门癌、肝癌、食道癌,除肺癌死亡率呈下降趋势,其余4种恶性肿瘤死亡率均呈上升趋势。结论 肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌、结直肠癌及乳腺癌是威胁镜湖区居民健康状况的重要疾病,应加强重点恶性肿瘤的防治工作。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and trend of malignant tumor mortality in Jinghu District, and to provide scientific basis for cancer prevention and control policy.Methods The data of malignant tumor in Jinghu District from 2014 to 2020 were collected through the Chinese Disease Control and prevention information system, mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, age-specific mortality rate, cause of death order, mortality trend, annual percentage change( APC) were calculated and analyzed.Results The trend of tumor mortality in men and women increased from 2014 to 2018( APC =4. 68%,P= 0. 173) and decreased from 2018 to 2020( APC=-6. 24%,P= 0. 451), but the difference was not statistically significant. Mortality from malignancy in men increased from 2014 to 2018( APC = 3. 85%,P= 0. 019), and decreased from 2018 to 2020( APC=-7. 57%,P= 0. 040), with statistically significant changes over both time periods. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in females showed an upward trend from 2014 to 2020, but the difference was not statistically significant(P= 0. 250). From 2014 to 2020, lung cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer and esophageal cancer were the top five causes of death, except for the lung cancer mortality, the other four kinds of mortality showed an upward trend.Conclusion Lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer and breast cancer are important diseases threatening the health of residents in Jinghu District. The prevention and treatment of key malignant tumors should be strengthened.