通信技术与国家治理:1956—1960年农村电话网建设考察

Communication Technology and National Governance:Survey of Rural Telephone Network Construction from 1956 to 1960

新中国成立后,落后的通信条件已经难以适应党和政府领导建设农村的现实需求。从1956年开始,中共中央决定在全国范围内规划建设农村电话网,到1960年基本实现了电话网在农村地区的广泛覆盖。电话网的形成对于当时的国家治理产生了重要影响,一方面电话会议成为各级党政机关的重要工作方式,空前提高了中央政策在农村的传达执行效率,另一方面显著改善了农村基层的治理绩效,具有便利指挥调度、减少干群负担、提高应急能力等多种价值功能。在中国共产党领导下,农村通信条件不仅得到了历史性改善,也为实现党和政府对农村的有效组织及治理提供了强大的技术支撑。

After the founding of the People's Republic of China,the backward communication conditions was dificult to adapt to the needs of the Party and government leadership in building rural areas.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to plan and build rural telephone networks nationwide in 1956.Through decentralization and mobilizing the masses,New China basically achieved extensive coverage of the telephone network in rural areas in a few years.The formation of the telephone network as a whole had an important impact on the country's governance at that time.On the one hand,teleconference became an important way of work for the Party and government organs at all levels,which unprecedented improved the eficiency of the transmission and implementation of the central policy in rural areas.On the other hand,it significantly improved the governance performance of the rural grass-roots level,with a variety of value functions such as facilitating command and dispatching,reducing the burden of cadres and the masses,and improving the emergency capacity.Under the leadership of the CPC,rural communication conditions had not only been improved historically,but also provided strong technical support for the effective organization and governance of the Party and government in rural areas.