人力资源服务助推乡村振兴发展研究——基于实现共同富裕目标视角

Research on human resources service promoting rural revitalization and development:From the perspective of realizing the goal of common prosperity

共同富裕是中国特色社会主义的本质要求,是全体人民的共同期盼,是中国式现代化建设的重要内容。然而在我国经济社会发展中,“三农”问题的存在成为制约共同富裕目标实现的重要因素,解决“三农”问题,实现农民农村的共同富裕是实现共同富裕目标的应有之义。为切实补齐“三农”问题这一短板,中共中央全面部署乡村振兴战略。乡村振兴战略是实现农民富裕、农业现代化、城乡融合发展的必要措施,是促进共同富裕目标实现的必由之路。而乡村振兴离不开人力资源的重要支撑,乡村人力资源是实现乡村振兴总目标与总要求的必要基础,然而乡村人力资源开发与配置面临着人才吸引力弱,人力资源外流现象显著、剩余劳动力结构与乡村发展需求不适配、教育培训体系不健全等现实窘境。补齐乡村人力资源的短板,亟需加强乡村人力资源开发与配置。人力资源服务作为提升人力资源开发与配置效率的重要途径,通过拓宽乡村人才引进渠道、赋能劳动力合理转移、助力剩余劳动力的开发等方面,助推乡村全面振兴。然而,人力资源服务在乡村的发展存在三方面制约因素:乡村人力资源服务需求侧发展不充分,存在客观需求与主观使用意识错位的问题;乡村人力资源服务供给侧效能不足,供给内容与供给主体都无法满足乡村人力资源服务的现实需要;乡村人力资源服务政策载体建设不足,促进行业自身发展及推动人力资源服务下沉乡村的政策体系仍需进一步完善。对此,在扎实推进实现共同富裕目标的大背景下,亟需优化人力资源服务供给以促进乡村振兴。一是要加强宣传引导,通过提高政府部门的重视程度、创新宣传手段以扩大宣传面,提高行业认知认可水平;二是要强化政府购买,厘清政府与市场主体在人力资源服务供给中的职能与定位,完善政府购买机制;三是要完善制度体系,一方面要加强政府的服务与监管,为人力资源服务发展营造良好的制度环境,支持行业高质量发展,另一方面要加强人力资源服务下沉乡村的制度设计,完善相关规划及配套措施;四是要丰富行业服务业态,引导人力资源服务行业从乡村振兴发展需求出发,加强相关产品与服务的开发与优化,持续优化乡村振兴服务供给。

Common prosperity is an important connotation of Marxist thought,the common expectation of all the people,and an important part of Chinese-style modernization.Issues relating to agriculture,rural areas and farmers in China’s economic and social development restrict the realization of the goal of common prosperity.Solving issues relating to agriculture,rural areas and farmers which helps farmers and rural areas to be affluent is the due meaning of bringing about common prosperity.In order to effectively develop rural areas,the CPC Central Committee has comprehensively deployed the strategy of rural revitalization,which is crucial to make the prosperity of farmers come true,promote the process of agricultural modernization and narrow the gap between the development of urban and rural areas,and finally bring about the goal of common prosperity.Rural revitalization cannot be separated from the important support of human resources.Human resources in rural area are the necessary basis for realizing the general objectives and requirements of rural revitalization.However,the development and allocation of human resources in rural area are faced with practical dilemmas,such as weak attraction of talents,significant outflow of human resources,mismatch between surplus labor force structure and rural development needs,and imperfect education and training system.In order to remove the obstacles of human resources in rural area,we must strengthen the development and allocation of human resources in rural areas.Human resources services is of great help for rural talents revitalize by broadening the introduction channels of rural talents,promoting the rational transfer of labor force and improving the development of surplus labor force,so as to realize the overall revitalization of rural areas.However,there are three obstacles to the promotion of human resources services in rural area:the demand side of human resources services in rural area is not fully developed,and there is a dislocation between objective needs and subjective use consciousness.The efficiency of rural human resource service supply side is insufficient,and the supply content and supply subject can not meet the practical needs of rural human resource service.The policy carrier construction of rural human resources service in rural area is insufficient,and the policy system to promote the self-development of the industry and promote human resources services to sink into the countryside still needs to be further improved.In this regard,under the background of solidly promoting the progress of the goal of common prosperity,it is urgent to optimize the supply of human resources services to promote rural revitalization.First,we should strengthen publicity and guidance,and improve the recognition level of the industry by increasing the attention of government departments,expanding the publicity surface by using new media technolog.Second,we should strengthen government purchase,clarify the positioning of government and market in the supply of human resources services,and improve the mechanism of government purchase of human resources services.The third is to improve the institutional system.We should strengthen government supervision to create a good institutional environment for the development of human resources services and strengthen the institutional design of human resources services to promote rural revitalization and improve relevant planning and supporting measures.Fourth,we should enrich the service formats of the industry to meet the needs of rural revitalization and development,strengthen the development and optimization of relevant products and services,and continuously optimize the supply of rural revitalization services.