非认知能力如何影响创业决策与创业绩效?——基于CFPS2018的经验证据

How Does Non-cognitive Ability Affect Entrepreneurship——Based on Empirical Evidence of CFPS2018

面对复杂多变的创业环境与日益剧增的人际交往需求,个体的非认知能力愈发受到市场的重视。本文基于中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS),使用“大五”人格指标体系测算了个体非认知能力,在此基础上分析了其对创业决策与创业绩效的影响,进一步采用中介效应模型考察了非认知能力对创业决策与创业绩效的作用机制。研究结果表明,非认知能力对创业决策与创业绩效存在显著的正向影响,这一结论在通过内生性分析与稳健性检验后依然成立。对子样本的分析表明,非认知能力对男性创业决策、男女创业绩效、城乡居民创业决策与创业绩效存在显著的正向影响。机制分析表明,非认知能力通过社会资本效应与数字资本效应对创业产生正向影响。因此,地方各级政府与就业部门应健全创新创业培训体系,注重个体非认知能力的培养,制定差异化的创新创业政策,进一步激发个体创新创业活力,响应国家创新驱动发展战略。

Facing the complex and changeable entrepreneurial environment and the increasing demand for interpersonal communication,the individual's non-cognitive ability is paid more and more attention by the market.Based on the CFPS2018 micro-survey data,the“Big Five”personality index system is used to evaluate individual non-cognitive ability,and then analyze its impact on entrepreneurial decision-making and entrepreneurial performance,and the mediating effect model is further used to investigate the mechanism of non-cognitive ability on entrepreneurial decision-making and entrepreneurial performance.The results show that non-cognitive ability has a significantly positive impact on entrepreneurial decision-making and entrepreneurial performance.And this conclusion is still applicable after suffering endogenous analysis and robust test.The analysis of sub-samples shows that non-cognitive ability has a significantly positive impact on male entrepreneurial decision-making,male and female entrepreneurial performance,and urban and rural residents entrepreneurial decision-making and entrepreneurial performance.Mechanism analysis shows that non-cognitive ability has a positive impact on entrepreneurship through social capital effect and digital capital effect.Therefore,governments at all levels and human resources and social security departments should improve the innovation and entrepreneurship training system,pay attention to the cultivation of individuals non-cognitive abilities,formulate differentiated innovation and entrepreneurship policies,further stimulate the vitality of individual innovation and entrepreneurship,and respond to the national innovation-driven development strategy.