政治宣传与“东方时尚”:17世纪末法国博韦皇家制造厂第一期中国挂毯研究

Political Propaganda and"Oriental Fashion":A Study of La Première Tenture Chinoise Produced at the Beauvais Royal Manufactory in Late 17th Century France

法国博韦皇家制造厂设计生产的第一期中国挂毯又称“中国皇帝的故事”挂毯,是欧洲早期“中国风”艺术的代表之作。在17世纪末中法艺术与文化交往的背景下,本文以该系列挂毯中最受欢迎且图像元素最为丰富的《觐见皇帝》一幅为例,首先从图像的来源与构成层面切入,揭示设计团队奇思妙想的出处;而后围绕着挂毯在当时历史情境中的物质性,探讨作为一种由皇家冠名工厂所生产的奢侈品,其政治与商业属性如何影响了图像的整体设计。由此,设计团队的巧思、厂长的期许和赞助人的心愿便逐渐浮出水面,而其所包蕴的丰富时代、艺术与文化的内涵也随之向我们敞开。

Designed and woven at the Beauvais royal manufactory in France,La Première Tenture Chinoise,or called The Story of the Emperor of China has been recognized as the masterpiece of early European Chinoiserie.This essay conducts an analysis of the Audience of the Emperor,one of the most popular and sumptuous pieces of this tapestry series,in the context of Sino-French cultural and artistic exchanges in the late 17th century.We first trace the sources and combinations of the motifs so that the origins of the artists’fantasy will be unveiled.Then from the perspective of materiality,we try to answer how the political and commercial attributes of a luxury item produced in a royal factory influence the overall design.Thus,the ingenuity of the artists,the aspiration of the director and the intention of the first patron gradually come to the surface and the abundant implications of La Première Tenture Chinoise will open up to us.