河北省乡村旅游地空间分布特征及其影响因素

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Rural Tourism Destinations in Hebei Province

以河北省为研究区域,运用核密度分析、地理集中指数、最邻近指数、叠置分析和地理探测器等空间分析方法,对河北省1015处乡村旅游地空间分布特征及其影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:(1)河北省乡村旅游地可划分为休闲观光类、特色村镇类、农业科技类、农事体验类、乡村文化类和森林村庄类6类,其中森林村庄类占半数以上;(2)河北省乡村旅游地总体呈集聚分布,且以平泉—井陉一线为分界线,呈现出“东南密集,西北稀疏”的空间分布格局;(3)河北省乡村旅游地呈现多核心集聚发展状态,有四大集聚区,分别是以石家庄为核心的平山县—石家庄市—栾城县集聚区、以邯郸市为核心的武安市—邯郸市—磁县集聚区、以秦皇岛市为核心的秦皇岛市—昌黎—乐亭集聚区和廊坊市北部集聚区;(4)河北省各类乡村旅游地均呈集聚分布,其中农事体验类和乡村文化类因数量少且分布极为集中,故集聚程度相对较高,而农业科技类、特色村镇类、休闲观光类和森林村庄类因数量较多且分布相对均匀,因此集聚程度相对低一些;(5)自然因素、交通因素、客源因素、政策因素和经济因素中的人均可支配收入是影响河北省乡村旅游地空间分布的重要因素。

Hebei province was selected as the research area,and the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of 1015 rural tourism destinations in Hebei province were studied by using spatial analysis methods such as Kernel density analysis,geographic concentration index,nearest neighbor index,overlay analysis and geodetector.The results show as follows.(1)Rural tourism destinations in Hebei province can be divided into six categories:leisure tourism,characteristic rural settlements,agricultural science and technology,farming experience,rural culture and forest villages,among which forest villages account for more than half.(2)The rural tourism destinations in Hebei province are generally clustered,and the boundary line between Pingquan and Jingxing shows a spatial distribution pattern of“dense in the southeast and sparse in the northwest”.(3)Rural tourism destinations in Hebei province are in the state of multi-core cluster development,with four clusters,namely Pingshan-Shijiazhuang-Luancheng cluster with Shijiazhuang as the core,Wu an-Handan-Cixian cluster with Handan as the core,Qinhuangdao-Changli-Laoting cluster with Qinhuangdao as the core,and Langfang northern cluster.(4)All kinds of rural tourism destinations in Hebei province are clustered,among which farming experience and rural culture have a relatively high clustering degree because of their small quantity and extremely concentrated distribution,while agricultural science and technology,characteristic rural settlements,leisure and sightseeing,and forest village have a relatively low clustering degree due to their large quantity and uniform distritution.(5)Natural factors,traffic factors,visitor source factors,policy factors and the disposable income per capita of economic factors are important factors affecting the spatial distribution of rural tourism destinations in Hebei province.