摘要
Malaria control can significantly benefit from a holistic and precise way of quantitatively measuring the transmission intensity,which needs to incorporate spatiotemporally varying risk factors.In this study,we conduct a systematic investigation to characterize malaria transmission intensity by taking a spatiotemporal network perspective,where nodes capture the local transmission intensities resulting from dominant vector species,the population density,and land cover,and edges describe the cross-region human mobility patterns.The inferred network enables us to accurately assess the transmission intensity over time and space from available empirical observations.Our study focuses on malaria-severe districts in Cambodia.The malaria transmission intensities determined using our transmission network reveal both qualitatively and quantitatively their seasonal and geographical characteristics:the risks increase in the rainy season and decrease in the dry season;remote and sparsely populated areas generally show higher transmission intensities than other areas.Our findings suggest that:the human mobility(e.g.,in planting/harvest seasons),environment(e.g.,temperature),and contact risk(coexistences of human and vector occurrence)contribute to malaria transmission in spatiotemporally varying degrees;quantitative relationships between these influential factors and the resulting malaria transmission risk can inform evidence-based tailor-made responses at the right locations and times.
基金
funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2021ZD0112501/2021ZD0112502)
the HKSAR Research Grants Council(12201318/12201619/12202220)
the HKBU/CSD Departmental Start-up Fund for New Assistant Professors.
