电催化氮还原合成氨MOF基催化剂研究进展

Research progress in MOF-based catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia

室温下电催化氮还原合成氨(nitrogen reduction reaction,NRR)因其较低的能耗而受到广泛关注。到目前为止,设计高效电催化剂以提高NRR性能是研究重点。其中,金属有机骨架(metal organic framework,MOF)及衍生材料因其独特的多孔结构和可控成分等优势促进了其在气体捕获、分离和催化中的应用。本文首先讨论NRR的反应机制,然后重点讨论MOF及衍生材料用作NRR电催化剂的研究进展,最后,对MOF基NRR电催化剂的设计策略、存在问题及NRR催化面临挑战进行了总结与展望。此外,文中指出:①自支撑MOF基电催化剂的合理设计对NRR性能有质的提升;②机器学习、DFT计算及原位测试技术的有效结合对NRR机理、催化剂的高效设计及筛选等具有重要指导意义。因此这些也将成为NRR催化未来研究趋势。

The production of ammonia by electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)at room temperature has attracted extensive attention due to its low energy consumption.So far,the research focus is to design highly efficient electrocatalysts.Metal organic framework(MOF)and their derivatives have wide applications in gas capture,separation,and catalysis due to their unique porous structure and controllable compositions.This review first discusses the mechanism of NRR,and then focuses on the research progress of NRR electrocatalysts of MOF and the derived materials.Finally,we summarize and prospect the design strategy,existing problems of the MOF based NRR electrocatalysts and the challenges in NRR catalysis.In addition,this review points out that:①The reasonable design of self-supporting MOF electrocatalyst can substantially improve the NRR performance;②The effective combination of machine learning,DFT calculation and in situ testing technology has important guiding significance for NRR mechanism study,efficient design and screening of catalysts,etc.,which will become the future research trends of NRR catalysis.