外源铅砷对青稞生长品质及铅砷积累的影响研究

Effects of Exogenous Pb and As on Growth Quality and Pb and As Accumulation of Highland Barley

旨在研究外源铅(Pb)、砷(As)污染条件下对青稞生长品质以及铅砷富集等的影响,为农田土壤重金属复合污染防治以及改善人体饮食健康提供数据支撑。以青稞为供试作物,设置不同浓度Pb (480、720、960、1200、1440 mg/kg)、As (30、60、90、120、140 mg/kg)以及空白对照组(共计11个处理),通过室外露天盆栽试验有针对性的检测外源铅砷胁迫下青稞生长和品质以及重金属的数据。外源铅、砷造成青稞根长、茎粗、株高、穗长、穗粒数、千粒重、地上及地下部干物质量与空白对照相比均降低了9.28%~66.58%。青稞的β-葡聚糖在铅浓度960 mg/kg时与空白相比下降了33.58%,水分与空白相比均低于空白;灰分、蛋白质与空白相比均高于空白;脂肪在铅浓度1440 mg/kg时与空白相比下降了54.16%,在铅浓度480 mg/kg条件下时与空白相比升高了13.75%。外源铅不同浓度处理下,青稞根、茎叶、籽粒中的铅含量均高于空白;外源砷不同浓度处理下,青稞根、茎叶、籽粒中的铅含量均高于空白。外源铅砷抑制了青稞生长、降低了青稞品质;青稞对铅的富集能力强于砷,且各器官铅、砷含量富集规律均为根>茎叶>籽粒。

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of exogenous Pb and As pollution on the growth quality and Pb and As accumulation of highland barley,and to provide data support for the prevention and control of heavy metal compound pollution in farmland soil and the improvement of human dietary health.Taking highland barley as the test crop,different concentrations of Pb(480,720,960,1200 and 1440 mg/kg),As(30,60,90,120 and 140 mg/kg)and blank control group(11 treatments in total)were set,and through outdoor pot experiment,the growth,quality and heavy metal accumulation of highland barley under exogenous Pb and As stress were detected.The root length,stem diameter,plant height,ear length,grain number per ear,1000-grain weight,aboveground and underground dry matter weight of highland barley were significantly reduced by 9.28%-66.58%compared with those of the blank control under exogenous Pb and As stress.Highland barleyβ-glucan was decreased by 33.58%compared with the blank at Pb concentration of 960 mg/kg,the moisture content was lower than that of the blank,and the contents of ash and protein were higher than those of the blank.Fat was decreased by 54.16%compared with that of the blank at Pb concentration of 1440 mg/kg,and increased by 13.75% compared with that of the blank at Pb concentration of 480 mg/kg. Under differentconcentrations of exogenous Pb, the content of Pb in highland barley root, stem, leaf and grain were higher thanthose in the blank. Under different concentrations of exogenous As, the Pb content in highland barley root,stem, leaf and grain were higher than those in the blank. Exogenous Pb and As inhibited the growth and qualityof highland barley. The accumulation ability of highland barley to Pb was stronger than that to As, and theaccumulation law of Pb and As in various organs was in an order of root > stem and leaf > grain.