为每个人提供终身技能保障——英国职业技能培训改革新举措及启示

Lifelong Skills Guarantee for Everyone—New Measures and Enlightenment of Vocational Skills Training Reform in the UK

为顺应国际职业技能培训发展趋势,应对英国脱欧后技术技能人才短缺的困境,2021—2022年,英国政府先后颁布《就业技能白皮书》《技能和16岁后教育法案(2022)》等政策文件,进行了英国职业技能培训史上具有里程碑意义的改革,其核心是探索雇主参与决策新模式,试点组织开展地方技能提升项目,拓展紧缺技能人才培养路径,转变评估和问责理念,提升职业技能培训质效,确保为每个人提供终身技能保障,满足当地行业企业发展需求,服务国家发展战略。英国职业技能培训改革的新理念和新举措为我国推动职业技能培训高质量发展、促进技能型社会建设、增强职业技能培训适应性、服务技能强国战略提供了借鉴。

In order to comply with the development trend of international vocational skills training and cope with the shortage of technical and skilled talents after Brexit,the British government has successively published Skills for Jobs:Lifelong Learning for Opportunity and Growth and The Skills and Post-16 Education Act(2022)from 2021 to 2022,which mark a significant milestone in the history of vocational skills training in the UK.The core of the reform is to explore a new mode for employers to participate in decision-making,to develop local skills improvement projects for pilot organizations,to expand the training path for scarce talents with skills,to change the concept of assessment and accountability,to improve the quality and efficiency of vocational skills training,which supposed to ensure the provision of lifelong skills guarantee for everyone and meet the development needs of local industry and enterprises to serve the national development strategy.The new ideas and measures of vocational skills training reform in the UK provide reference for China to promote the high-quality development of vocational skills training,promote the construction of skilled society,enhance the adaptability of vocational skills training,and serve the strategy of strengthening the country with skills.