教师专业发展中的教师个体性经验:现存问题与发展路径——基于杜威经验观的分析

Existing Problems and Development Paths of Teachers'Individual Experience in Teachers'Professional Development--Based on the Analysis of Dewey's View of Experience

教师专业发展是教师这一职业日趋专业化的一个重要途径,对教师个人而言,教师专业发展具有更深层次的意义,即促进了教师个体性经验的成长与发展。当下由于教师专业发展中制度对个体性经验的压制、内容上崇尚知识导向、过程中忽视教师个人的问题,导致教师个体性经验处于被动发展的境地。杜威的经验观关注个体与环境之间的交互作用,注重主体个体性经验的成长与发展,这为重新审视教师专业发展中教师个体性经验的问题带来了新视角。基于杜威的经验观,可以得到以下启发,即通过建立民主的教师专业发展制度、过程中注重教师个体性经验与专业经验的结合,以及建立注重教师个体性经验的评价制度,来解决教师专业发展中对教师个体性经验关注不足的问题。

Teachers'professional development is an important way for teachers to become more professional.For teachers,teachers'professional development has a deeper meaning,that is,it promotes the growth and development of teachers'individual experience.At present,the system suppresses the individual experience in the professional development of teachers,knowledge orientation is advocated in the content,and the problems of individual teachers are neglected in the process,which leads to the passive development of teachers'individual experience.Dewey's view of experience focuses on the interaction between the individual and the environment,and pays attention to the growth and development of the subject's individual experience,which brings a new perspective to re-examine the problem of teachers'individual experience in teachers'professional development.Based on Dewey's view of experience,the following enlightenment can be obtained,that is,it is necessary to solve the problem of insufficient attention to teachers'individual experience in teachers'professional development by establishing a democratic system of teachers'professional development,paying attention to the combination of teachers'individual experience and professional experience in the process,and establishing an evaluation system that focuses on teachers'individual experience.