牛至提取物和枯草芽孢杆菌对北极狐生长性能、毛皮质量及血清指标的影响

Effect of Bacillus subtilis and Origanum vulgare L.extracts on the growth performance,fur quality,serum indicators of arctic fox(Alopex lagopus)

为探讨牛至提取物和枯草芽孢杆菌组合对冬毛期北极狐生长性能、毛皮质量、血清免疫指标及抗氧化能力的影响,试验选择体重相近、精神状态良好、健康的130日龄北极狐250只,随机分成10组,每组设5个重复,每个重复5只,雌雄比例3:2。采用3×3双因素随机试验设计,试验组与对照组基础日粮相同,对照组添加金霉素50 mg/kg和喹烯酮100 mg/kg,试验组分别添加枯草芽孢杆菌150、300、450 mg/kg,牛至提取物125、250、375 mg/kg,试验期60 d。结果表明:末体重11月3日试验组Ⅴ比对照组高3.43%(P <0.05),12月3日试验组Ⅴ比对照组高3.79%(P <0.01);干皮重、皮张长度、皮板厚度、绒毛长度试验组Ⅴ分别比对照组高5.43%、4.81%、6.34%、6.55%(P <0.05),针毛长度试验组Ⅴ、Ⅶ分别比对照组高8.38%、9.25%(P <0.05);血清中IgG、IgA、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)试验组Ⅴ分别比对照组高1.79%、1.09%、3.54%、1.06%、2.58%(P> 0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌和牛至提取物能够提高北极狐生长性能,改善毛皮质量,增强机体免疫力,加强抗氧化能力,并且250 mg/kg牛至提取物和300 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌组合效果最好。

In order to explore effect of Bacillus subtilis and Origanum vulgare L.extracts on the growth performance,fur quality,serum immune indicators and antioxidant capacity of arctic fox(Alopex lagopus)in fur development period.The two-factor 3×3 randomized trial were carried out.At 130 days old,250 the arctic foxes with healthy,good mental state and similar weight were randomly divided into ten treatments,5 replicates for each treatment,5 animals per replicate,the proportion of male and female in each group was 3:2.The trial period was 60 days.The control group was supplemented with 750 mg/kg chlorotetracycline and 100 mg/kg quinolone.The test groups were supplemented with both 125,250,375 mg/kg Origanum vulgare L.extracts and 150,300,450 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis,respectively.The results showed that the final weight of test group V on November 3 was 3.43%higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the final weight of test group V on December 3 was 3.79%higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).Dry fur weight,fur length,leather thickness,villus length of test groupⅤwas 5.43%,4.81%,6.34%,6.55%higher than those of the control group,respectively(P<0.05).Guard hair of both the test groupⅤand the test groupⅦwas 8.38%,9.25%higher than that of the control group,respectively(P<0.05).The serum IgG,IgA,superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)contert of test group V were 1.78%,1.09%,3.54%,1.06%and 2.58%higher than the control group(P>0.05),respectively.But there was a tendency to increase.It was thus clear that both Bacillus subtilis and Origanum vulgare L.extracts added to the diet could improve the growth performance of the arctic fox,improve the quality of the fur,enhance the body immunity,enhance the antioxidant capacity in fur development period.And the performance effect of the arctic fox(Alopex lagopus)was the best under the trial conditions when the combination of Bacillus subtilis 250 mg/kg and Origanum vulgare L.extracts 300 mg/kg was added to the arctic fox diet.