美国高校工程教育持续质量改进机制研究

Research on the continuous quality improvement mechanisms of engineering education within colleges and universities in the United States

在高等教育迈入普及化阶段的时代背景下,我国提出了推动高等教育质量革命和建构质量文化的新要求,使得本科专业教育质量保障的重要性愈发凸显。美国高校工程教育探索专业教育质量持续改进的理念与实践,无疑可为我国本科专业教育质量保障提供参考。在专业认证机构的引领下,持续质量改进理念内化为美国高校专业教育质量保障实践的核心理念;持续质量改进程序逐渐优化,涵盖界定工程专业教育目标、界定预期工程专业教育产出、确定能够证明教育产出的证据等环节;持续质量改进存在方法论困境,给工科教师造成了压力和挑战,推动工科教师不断拓新方法;持续质量改进理念引领并塑造了积极的评价、实证和质量文化。

After the higher education entering the stage of popularization,China has put forward new requirements for promoting the revolution of higher education quality and constructing quality culture,making the importance of undergraduate program education quality assurance more and more prominent.Engineering education of American colleges and universities explores the theory and practice of continuous quality improvement of program education,which can provide a reference for the quality assurance in undergraduate program education in China.Under the guidance of program accreditation agencies,the concept of continuous quality improvement has been internalized by American colleges and universities as the core concept of the quality assurance of program education;the process of continuous quality improvement is gradually optimized,covering the definition of educational objectives of engineering program,the definition of expected educational outcome of engineering program,the confirmation of evidence that can prove educational outcome,etc.;the continuous quality improvement is confronted by technical dilemma which have caused pressures and challenges for engineering faculty to develop new methods;the concept of continuous quality improvement guides and forms positive assessment,empirical and quality cultures.