脑卒中患者的康复自我管理现状及相关影响因素分析

Analysis on the status quo of rehabilitation self-management of stroke patients and related influencing factors

目的调查脑卒中患者的康复锻炼自我管理现状,并分析其相关影响因素。方法使用便利抽样法,选取衡阳市3家三级甲等医院的205名脑卒中患者进行问卷调查,使用了一般资料问卷、患者参与态度问卷、康复自我效能量表、促进患者参与量表、脑卒中患者康复锻炼自我管理量表,采用Spearman相关分析,探讨自我管理现状的相关影响因素。结果脑卒中患者的自我管理行为得分指标均数为65.4%,康复自我效能得分为(6.42±2.68)分,均处于中等水平。脑卒中患者的康复锻炼自我管理、自我效能得分等与年龄、职业、住院时长、自理程度多种因素相关,且康复锻炼自我管理行为与自我效能、患者参与态度及参与程度感知等方面存在正相关。结论脑卒中患者的自我管理行为与自我效能处于中等水平。脑卒中患者的康复锻炼自我管理受多种因素影响,且与自我效能、患者参与态度及参与程度感知等方面存在正相关。在临床上,应促进患者的主动参与、提升康复锻炼自我效能,从而改善患者的自我管理水平。

Objective To investigate the status quo of rehabilitation exercise self-management of stroke patients,and analyze its related influencing factors.Methods Using convenient sampling method,205 stroke patients from 3 third class A hospitals in Hengyang City were selected for a questionnaire survey.General information questionnaire,patient participation attitude questionnaire,rehabilitation self-efficacy scale,promoting patient participation scale,and stroke patients'rehabilitation exercise self-management scale were used.Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relevant factors affecting the status of self-management.Results The average score of self-management behavior of stroke patients was 65.4%,and the score of rehabilitation self-efficacy was(6.42±2.68),which was in the middle level.The scores of rehabilitation exercise self-management and self-efficacy of stroke patients are related to many factors such as age,occupation,length of hospital stay and self-care degree,and rehabilitation exercise self-management behavior is positively related to self-efficacy,patients'participation attitude and participation perception.Conclusion The self-management behavior and selfefficacy of stroke patients are in the middle level.The self-management of rehabilitation exercise of stroke patients is affected by many factors,and is positively related to self-efficacy,patients'participation attitude and perception of participation.In clinical practice,it is necessary to promote patients'active participation and improve their self-efficacy in rehabilitation exercise,so as to improve their selfmanagement level.