农村地区女性宫颈癌危险因素分析

Risk factors of cervical cancer among women in rural areas

目的 探讨农村地区女性宫颈癌危险因素。方法 选择2017年1月至2020年12月接诊的农村女性宫颈癌患者172例为病例组,以年龄(±3岁)在病例组同一乡镇进行1∶1配对选择同期健康体检的农村女性172例为对照组。以自制问卷收集可能影响农村地区女性宫颈癌发病的影响因素,比较2组调查对象上述各因素,并采用多因素Logistic回归法对单因素分析中具显著性差异的因素进行分析,以评估各因素对农村女性宫颈癌发病的综合作用。结果 单因素分析基础上多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:受教育程度为初中及以下、农民、生活水源为地窖水/沟塘水、孕次>2次、生殖道HPV感染、阴道分娩次数>2次、性事后未清洗外阴、性伴人数>1人、丈夫有性病史、丈夫包皮过长为农村地区女性宫颈癌患病的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 农村地区女性宫颈癌的发病主要受文化程度、生活水源、孕次、生殖道HPV感染情况等因素的影响,临床上可根据上述因素进行针对性干预以降低农村地区女性宫颈癌的发病风险。

Objective To explore risk factors of cervical cancer(CC)among women in rural areas.Methods From January 2017 to December 2020,172 cases of rural women with CC were as case group,at 1∶1 ratio matching,172 health examiners women age with age difference(±3 years)were as control group.The factors likely to impact the incidence of cervical cancer in rural women were collected with the self-made questionnaire,the above factors of two groups were compared,and the factors found to have significant differences in univariate analysis were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression to evaluate combined actions of factors on the incidence of cervical cancer in rural women.Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis based on single factor analysis showed that the education level at junior high school and below and farmer,source of domestic water from cellar water/ditch pond water,time of pregnancies>2 times,reproductive tract HPV infection,vaginal delivery times>2 times,failed vulva washing after sexual intercourse,number of sexual partners>1,husband with a history of sexually transmitted diseases,and redundant prepuce of the husband were found to be risk factors for cervical cancer among women in rural areas(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of cervical cancer in rural women is mainly impacted by factors including the education level,source of domestic water,number of pregnancies,HPV infection in the reproductive tract and other factors.Clinically and targeted interventions are advised to be implemented based on the above factors to reduce the risk of cervical cancer in rural women.