关于农村留守儿童家庭教育问题的个案分析

A Case Study on the Family Education Capacity of Children Left Behind in Rural Areas

当前,我国农村留守儿童家庭教育面临着诸多问题,在既有研究对农村留守儿童家庭微观层面日常真实状态关注较少的情境下,通过个案剖析探究这一主题就变得独特而有意义。本研究从家庭教育能力建构视角出发,结合案例分析,发现农村不同类型监护人和不同类型家庭在留守儿童情感支撑、教育方式、教育环境上表现出了多重现实困境,如家长对儿童亲情关爱的忽视、隔代抚育者对家庭教育认知和能力的困惑,以及亲戚代管的身份尴尬和儿童环境融入的难题,都成为制约农村留守儿童家庭教育能力的重要原因。因此,关注不同类型的农村留守儿童家庭问题,提升父母和儿童间的情感交流互动,利用基层家庭教育指导服务宣传解读好既有法律政策,以及积极探索农村留守儿童家庭教育社会支持机制对于上述问题的解决具有重要的现实意义。

The family education of rural left-behind children currently faces many problems,and in a context where existing research has paid little attention to the real daily state of rural left-behind children’s families at the micro level,it has become a unique and meaningful topic to explore through case study analysis.From the perspective of the construction of family education capacity,this study examines case studies and finds that different types of guardians and different types of families of rural left-behind children exhibit multiple real-life dilemmas in terms of emotional support,education methods and educational environments,including parents’neglect of providing children with affection and care,confusion about family education awareness and capacity in intergenerational parenting,as well as embarrassment about the status of surrogate guardianship and the difficulties of children’s environmental integration in kinship custody.These are all key constraints on the ability of families to educate children left behind in rural areas.Therefore,it is important to pay attention to different types of families with children left behind in rural areas,to improve the emotional interaction between parents and children,to promote and interpret the existing legal policies in the grassroots family education guidance services,and to actively explore the social support mechanism for family education of children left behind in rural areas in order to solve the above problems.