黄河源区极端温度与降水时空变化

Spatial and Temporal Variation of Extreme Temperatures and Precipitation in the Yellow River Source Area

适宜的气候是生态良性发展的必要条件,极端温度与降水是生态恶化的重要影响因素,尤其在高纬度、高海拔、高寒地区,极端气候对生态环境的影响更为严重。黄河源区是黄河流域生态保护的重要区域,利用1988—2017年中国地面气温逐日0.5°×0.5°格点数据集(V2.0)和区域地面气象要素驱动数据集,分析了黄河源区30 a内极端温度和降水时空变化。结果表明:极端温度指数和极端降水指数时空变化具有明显规律性,30 a内极端温度不断升高、极端降水指数不断增大;极端温度指数在黄河源区中部、西北部、西部较小,在东北部、东部、东南部较大;极端降水指数在黄河源区从东南向西北逐渐减小。

Suitable climate is a necessary condition for the healthy development of ecology.Extreme temperature and precipitation are impor⁃tant factors leading to ecological deterioration.The impact of extreme climate on ecology is more serious in high latitude,high altitude and high cold regions.The source region of the Yellow River is an important area for ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin.We used the daily surface temperature 0.5°×0.5°grid data set(V2.0)and regional surface meteorological element⁃driven data set from 1988 to 2017 in China to analyze the spatial and temporal changes of extreme temperature and extreme precipitation in the source region of the Yellow River in 30 years.The results show that the spatial and temporal variation of extreme temperature index and extreme precipitation index is obvious,and the extreme temperature index and extreme precipitation index show an increasing trend in 30 years.In addition,the extreme temperature index is smaller in the central,north western and western regions in the source region of the Yellow River,and larger in the northeastern,eastern and southeastern regions.The spatial distribution of extreme precipitation index gradually decreases from southeast to northwest.More⁃over,the spatial distribution of extreme precipitation indices gradually decreases from southeast to northwest in the source region of the Yellow River.