医患共同决策模型及实践应用进展

Advances in Shared Decision-making Models and Practical Applications

目前较为成熟的医患共同决策模型根据实践场景可分为两种:一是未对应具体应用场景,二是用于特定临床实践。为了实施共同决策理念,不同决策辅助工具被开发应用。同时设计出不同视角的量表以评估医患共同决策模型应用对决策的影响及效果。研究提示,共同决策模型的内涵决定其应用层级;同时需根据本土医疗服务特点构建共同决策模型,研制出多样化的决策辅助工具以实施该理念。这为进一步开发适应我国医疗体系和就医习惯的医患共同决策模型及工具提供借鉴。

At present,the mature shared decision-making models can be divided into two types according to practice scenarios:those that do not correspond to specific application scenarios and those that are used in specific clinical practices.To implement the concept of shared decision making,different decision aids have been developed and applied.Scales with different perspectives were also designed to assess the impact and effectiveness of the application of the shared decision-making models.The study suggests that the connotation of the shared decision-making model determines its application level.Meanwhile,the shared decision-making model needs to be constructed according to the characteristics of local health care services and diverse decision aids need to be developed to implement the concept.This provides a reference for further development of shared decision-making models and tools adapting to the healthcare system and medical practice in China.