HNS基含能复合微粒的机械球磨法制备及其性能研究

Preparation and Properties of HNS-based Energetic Composite Particles by Mechanical Ball Milling

为了得到高能钝感炸药,采用机械球磨法制备了2种六硝基芪(HNS)基复合炸药;通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和差热分析仪(DTA)对样品的形貌、晶体结构和热性能进行了表征,计算了其热分解动力学参数并测试了其机械感度;采用EXPLO5软件计算了其爆轰参数。结果表明,球磨后复合炸药微粒的表观形貌呈类球形,颗粒大小符合正态分布,晶型保持稳定,HNS/CL-20复合微粒的活化能较原料CL-20和HNS分别提高了37.71kJ/mol和60.05kJ/mol,说明HNS/CL-20复合微粒具有更高的热稳定性;机械球磨法制备的HNS/CL-20和HNS/HMX复合微粒的临界撞击能量较原料CL-20和HMX分别提高了1.75J和0.25J,临界摩擦能量较原料CL-20和HMX分别提高了96N和180N,表明摩擦感度明显降低。

Two HNS-based composite explosives were prepared by mechanical ball milling method to obtain high-energy insensitive explosives.The morphology,crystal structure,and thermal properties of the samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray powder diffractometer(XRPD),and differential thermal analysis(DTA),respeclively.The kinetic parameters of thermal decomposition were calculated by kissinger formula.Additionally,the mechanical sensitivity was tested,and the detonation parameters were calculated by EXPLO5 software.The results show that the composite explosive particles prepared by ball milling exhibit an apparent morphology of spheroid,particle size following the normal distribution,and stable crystalline form.The activation energy of the HNS/CL-20 composite is 37.71kJ/mol higher than that of the raw CL-20 and 60.05kJ/mol higher than that of the raw HNS,indicating that the HNS/CL-20 composite has improved thermal stability.The critical impact energies of the HNS/CL-20 composite and the HNS/HMX composite are 1.75J and 0.25J higher than the raw CL-20 and HMX,respectively,while the critical friction energies are 96N and 180N higher.The frictional sensitivity has been significantly reduced.