反潜战斗部对耐压壳结构的毁伤威力评估方法与实验

Assessment and Experimental Study of Damage Power of Anti-Submarine Warhead to the Pressure Hull Structure

针对反潜(鱼雷/深弹)战斗部多类型、水下爆炸多效应以及目标结构多样式等特点,研究归一化的战斗部毁伤威力表征与评估方法。基于最具代表性的艇体结构(耐压壳)毁伤,综合考虑大变形、撕裂破口和聚能穿孔等效应,提出一种通过综合毁伤威力指数量化表征并评估战斗部毁伤威力的方法,适用于各种典型反潜战斗部以及典型单层、双层壳体结构。设计模拟单层、双层壳体结构的毁伤效应靶标,进行爆破、聚能和聚爆3种模拟战斗部的海上试验,分别获得了3种战斗部对两种壳体结构的综合毁伤威力指数,并据此完成了量化对比与分析。研究结果表明:所提评估方法可量化给出同一战斗部对不同艇体结构,以及不同战斗部对同一艇体结构的毁伤威力差别;同等条件下,爆破和聚能战斗部分别对单层、双层壳体靶标具有相对更大的毁伤威力,聚爆战斗部对两种类型结构靶标伤威力均优于单纯的爆破或聚能战斗部;不同战斗部对双层壳体靶标较单层壳体靶标的毁伤威力均有所下降,其中爆破战斗部下降90%以上,聚爆战斗部下降近80%,而聚能战斗部下降只有不到20%。

Considering the characteristics of different anti-submarine(torpedo/depth charge)warheads,including multiple effects of underwater explosions,and multiple styles of target structures,the normalized comprehensive damage power characterization and assessment of warheads were studied.Based on the damage of the most representative hull structure(pressure hull)and comprehensively considering the effects of large deformation,tearing,and perforation,a method to quantitatively characterize and evaluate the power of the warhead through a comprehensive damage power index was proposed.A test target simulating the damaging effect of single-hull,and the double-hull was designed,and three model warheads were tested.The comprehensive power of the three warheads against the two types of structures was obtained.The results showed that:the proposed comprehensive power assessment method has scientific rationality and engineering practicability;it can quantitatively compare and analyze the differences in the damage power of the same warhead to different hull structures and the damage power of different warheads to the same hull structure;under the same conditions,the blast warhead and the shaped charge warhead had relatively greater damage to the single-hull target and double-hulled targets;implosion warheads had better damage power to both types of targets;for different targets,the damage power of the blast warhead,the implosion warhead,and the implosion warhead dropped by more than 90%,nearly 80%,and less than 20%,respectively.