交易—关系—发展:高职院校教师激励机制构建的三重逻辑——基于心理契约理论模型的视角

Transaction—Relationship—Development: The Threefold Logic of Construction of Incentive Mechanism for Teachers in Higher Vocational Colleges——From the Perspective of Psychological Contract Theory Model

当今社会的高度发展把高等职业教育摆在更加突出的位置,高等职业教育的优质发展在于师资队伍的高质量。目前我国高职院校发展过程中面临师资建设的困境,这需要在管理中把教师的需求予以考虑,把学校和教师的双方发展协同起来。心理契约理论旨在强调,当员工加入组织时,员工与组织自由地参与交换,双方自愿达成雇佣协议,其中不成文形式的交换协议就是心理契约,员工期望从组织中有所获益,以换取劳动报酬。在一定程度上可用心理契约理论来解读高职院校师资建设问题。心理契约理论中的“交易”指员工获得相应的物质利益,满足经济方面的需求,“关系”指员工通过为组织长期工作,形成的一种稳定的关系,“发展”指在双方关系稳定的基础上,获得有利于双方持续进步的机会。基于此,当今高职院校教师激励中要将“精神的富足”作为教师激励机制的最终目标,满足学校和教师双方需求;遵循“人尽其才、才尽其用”原则制定教师激励机制,构建学校与教师良好关系;建构全方位、多方面教师协同激励生态链,营造适合教师发展的氛围。

The high development of today’s society places higher vocational education in a more prominent position.The high-quality development of higher vocational education lies in the high quality of teachers.At present,the development of higher vocational colleges in China is faced with the dilemma of teachers’construction,which requires that the needs of teachers be taken into account in management and the development of both schools and teachers be coordinated.The theory of psychological contract aims to emphasize that when employees join the organization,employees and the organization freely participate in the exchange,and both parties voluntarily reach an employment agreement.The unwritten exchange agreement is a psychological contract,and employees expect to benefit from the organization in exchange for labor remuneration.To some extent,psychological contract theory can be used to interpret the problem of teachers’team construction in higher vocational colleges.In the psychological contract theory,“transaction”refers to that employees obtain corresponding material benefits to meet economic needs,“relationship”refers to a stable relationship formed by employees through long-term work for the organization,and“development”refers to that employees obtain opportunities conducive to the continuous progress of both parties on the basis of stable relationship.Based on this,it is necessary for higher vocational colleges to take the“spiritual enrichment”as the ultimate goal of the incentive mechanism for teachers to meet the needs of both schools and teachers,follow the principle of“making the best use of talents and materials”to develop incentive mechanism for teachers and build a good relationship between schools and teachers,construct an all-round and multifaceted ecological chain of teachers’collaborative incentive,and create an atmosphere suitable for teachers’development.