语言接触视角下甘肃临夏话“们”的复杂用法

The Complex Usages of-Men(们)in Linxia(临夏)Dialect from the Perspective of Language Contact

文章从跨语言的角度、从语言接触的视角出发,考察了甘肃临夏话中“们”的共时分布、复杂用法以及形成机制。临夏话光杆名词后面的“们”既可以表单数也可以表复数,既可以表有定也可以表无定,还可以表特指或类指,“们”相当于词缀。另外,临夏话的“们”在疑问代词、指示代词以及量词短语及中也具有复数义,是真正的复数标记。

This paper focuses on the semantics of-men(们)in Linxia(临夏)dialect in the perspective of typology.After a revisit of the[Bare noun+Men(们)],we found that-Men(们)has complex usages.As for the number feature,it can be used to indicate not only plurality but also singularity.With regard to its reference,it can be definite,indefinite or even generic.[Bare noun+Men(们)]in Linxia(临夏)dialect shows no difference with the bare noun itself.However,in interrogative sentences,classifier phrase and number phrases,-Men(们)can only be used as a genuine plural marker.