花岗岩丘陵区的土壤侵蚀发育过程及动力学特征

Soil Erosion Development Process and Dynamic Characteristics in Granite Hilly Area

花岗岩红壤丘陵区是我国南方水土流失最严重的区域之一,是目前仅次于黄土高原的严重水土流失区,普遍发育于花岗岩类母质残积物。根据花岗岩土壤侵蚀的形成特点,可将其发育过程划分为以下几个阶段:溅蚀侵蚀、片蚀侵蚀、浅沟侵蚀、切沟侵蚀、崩岗侵蚀。崩岗的形成和发展过程中始终受到水力和重力等外营力的作用,从而使崩岗的发育过程中表现出明显的动力学侵蚀机制。通过研究花岗岩红壤丘陵区土壤侵蚀发育过程与土壤动力学的规律性,可以对花岗岩土壤侵蚀规律有一个更深入的了解,对花岗岩土壤侵蚀的预防和治理具有更重要的意义。

Granite red soil hilly area is one of the areas with the most serious water and soil loss in southern China,and it is the serious water and soil loss area next only to the loess plateau at present.It is generally developed in the granite parent material residue.According to the formation characteristics of granite soil erosion,its development process can be divided into the following stages:splash erosion,sheet erosion,shallow gully erosion,gully erosion,and colluvial erosion.The formation and development of collapse hills are always affected by external forces such as water power and gravity,which makes the development of collapse hills show obvious dynamic erosion mechanism.By studying the development process of soil erosion and the regularity of soil dynamics in granite red soil hilly area,we can have a deeper understanding of the law of granite soil erosion,which is of more significance to the prevention and control of granite soil erosion.