近代华北内陆乡绅影响力与社会治理状况探究--以民国山西河东乡绅为中心考察

Impact and Social Management of Inland Country Gentlemen in Modern North China:Study on the Country Gentlemen of Hedong Shanxi in the Republic of China

乡绅是传统时代乡村社会的主要领导力量和地方社会发展的重要阶层。近代时期,虽然中国社会各方面逐渐发生着变迁,但相较于沿海沿江地区,山西河东位居内陆,其传统和保守的阶层特性又较强,因此乡绅这一群体在民国时期的势力发展与社会治理便表现出较明显的区域特色。本文通过采取比较法和计量统计法等手段,考察这一时期河东乡绅的社会影响力,包括其经济实力、职业选择和政治参与等方面,同时揭示民国河东乡绅的真实社会治理状况,说明了近代社会变迁时期这一群体较弱的经济实力和政治参与程度抑制了其社会治理能力,并最终反过来又对近代河东社会产生了深刻影响。

Country gentlemen were main leaders and important hierarchy of local society development in traditional time.In modern time,changes in every respects happened in Chinese society,but country gentlemen of Hedong in Shanxi province showed stronger traditional and conservative Class features because of in land living environments,and so,power and social management of country gentlemen of Hedong bore distinct regional characters.By Comparison method and Econometric statistical method,writer studied the impact including land possession,profession choice and political participation of Hedong's Country Gentlemen,and revealed the social management of the group.Lastly,writer explained that the weaker economic power and political participation of Hedong's Country Gentlemen curbed the ability of social management themselves in the period of social vicissitudes,and affected Hedong society in modern time deeply.