复性思想与高攀龙的文学创作观

The Thought of Restoring Nature and Gao Panlong’s Viewpoint of Literary Creation

高攀龙的性理学说和文学思想有着精微繁复的联动关系。复性是高氏的学术追求,也是其文学创作观念展开的内在理路。高攀龙认同作诗是排遣不平之情的主要方式,但他同时认为诗歌的遣情功能十分有限,且使作品有为情识所累的危险,“摄情归性”是诗歌摆脱上述困境的必然途径和学理依据;无意而工指“自然不待用力而能”,它既是文学发生的原理,又是文学创作的方法,这源于性的“天然本色”和体认工夫;穷而后工指“善承困而善言文”,“患难透性”诠释了这一文学观念的丰富内涵。高氏文学创作观与复性思想在理论形式上高度融洽,但他的文学实践却与之既有统一又有背离之处。

Gao Panlong’s Nature and Disposition theory and his literary thought have a subtle and complicated relationship.Restoration of the Nature is the main pursuit of Gao Panlong’s academics,and it is also the inner logic of his literary creation concept.Gao Panlong agrees that writing poetry is the main way to express feelings,but he also believes that the lyrical function of poetry is very limited,and it makes the works easy to be trapped by emotions.Returning emotions to Nature is the inevitable way and academic basis for poetry to get rid of the above difficulties;Excellent literary works come from not doing them deliberately,which means letting them happen naturally.It is both the principle of literature and the method of literary creation.This stems from the nature of nature and the way to pursue it;Good works from bad encounters means that people are good at writing literary works if they are good at enduring poverty.Adversity can reveal human nature,which interprets the rich connotation of this literary concept.Gao Panlong’s view of literary creation is highly harmonious in theory and form,but his literary practice is both unified and deviated from it.