不同轮作模式对花生生长及产量的影响

Effects of Different Rotation Patterns on the Growth and Production of Peanut

轮作是缓解连作障碍和粮油争地矛盾的重要栽培方式,对扩大花生生产面积及可持续发展有重要意义。本研究采用4种不同的轮作方式,连续4年观测了花生的农艺性状、产量性状、土壤肥力等指标,发现采用轮作模式可以一定程度上缓解花生连年种植带来的连作障碍:连作春花生第4年有18.13%的干物质量和15.56%的产量衰退,但轮作处理中花生农艺、产量性状基本稳定;土壤硝态氮、速效钾含量在轮作处理中都有较为显著的提升。虽然春花生生育期较长、在活动积温上更具优势,但轮作模式能获得更为稳定、可持续的产量。

Crop rotation is an important cultivation method to alleviate the obstacles of continuous cropping and the contradiction between grain and oil production,which is of great significance for the expansion and sustainable development of peanut production.In this study,four different rotation modes were selected,and the agronomic characters,yield characters,soil fertility and other indicators of peanut were observed for four consecutive years.It was found that the appropriate rotation mode can alleviate the obstacles caused by continuous planting of peanut.In the fourth year of continuous cropping of spring sowing peanuts,18.13%of the dry matter quality and 15.56%of the yield declined,but the agronomic and yield traits of peanut were basically stable in the rotation treatment.In addition,the contents of soil nitrate nitrogen and available potassium have been significantly improved in the rotation treatment.Although spring sowing peanut has longer growth period and more advantages in active accumulated temperature,the rotation system can obtain more stable and sustainable output.