分析特殊染色联合免疫组化技术用于肿瘤诊断中的效果与意义

Analysis of the effect and significance of special staining combined with immunohistochemical techniques for tumor diagnosis

目的探讨肿瘤诊断中应用特殊染色联合免疫组化技术的效果及其临床意义。方法66例肿瘤患者,均接受穿刺活检诊断,包括特殊染色[胶原纤维染色(Masson染色)、黏液染色(PAS染色)、刚果红染色]与免疫组化技术诊断。将术后病理结果作为金标准,分析比较特殊染色、免疫组化技术及联合诊断肿瘤阳性率;比较不同肿瘤疾病免疫组化[细胞角蛋白(CK)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)阳性情况]检测结果。结果免疫组化技术诊断肿瘤阳性率87.88%与Masson染色的84.85%、PAS染色的81.82%、刚果红染色的80.30%比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。特殊染色联合免疫组化技术诊断肿瘤阳性率为100.00%,均高于免疫组化技术、Masson染色、PAS染色、刚果红染色诊断,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。转移性肿瘤、肝内胆管癌患者免疫组化检测CK阳性率分别为78.79%、83.33%,均高于血管瘤患者的37.50%和原发性肝癌患者的23.08%;血管瘤患者免疫组化检测CEA阳性率87.50%均高于原发性肝癌患者的15.38%、转移性肿瘤患者的30.30%、肝内胆管癌患者的16.67%;原发性肝癌、肝内胆管癌患者免疫组化检测AFP阳性率分别为84.62%、75.00%,均高于血管瘤患者的25.00%和转移性肿瘤患者的33.33%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论特殊染色与免疫组化技术应用在肿瘤诊断中均有一定的临床效果,但二者联合诊断,可明显提高肿瘤诊断效果,同时根据免疫组化检测结果可对不同肿瘤进行鉴别,有良好的临床意义,值得借鉴。

Objective To discuss the effect and clinical significance of special staining combined with immunohistochemical techniques for tumor diagnosis.Methods 66 tumor patients,all of whom received puncture biopsy diagnosis,including special staining[Masson staining,PAS staining,Congo red staining]and immunohistochemical technique diagnosis.The postoperative pathological results were used as the gold standard to analyze and compare the positive rate of special staining,immunohistochemical technique and combined diagnosis of tumor.The results of immunohistochemistry[cytokeratin(CK),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)positive]in different tumor diseases was compared.Results The positive rate of tumor diagnosed by immunohistochemistry was 87.88%,which was 84.85%by Masson staining,81.82%by PAS staining and 80.30%by Congo red staining,and the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).In patients with metastatic tumor and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,the positive rates of CK detected by immunohistochemical technique were 78.79%and 83.33%,which were higher than those of hemangioma patients(37.50%)and primary liver cancer patients(23.08%);in hemangioma patients,the positive rate of CEA 87.50%detected by immunohistochemical technique was 87.50%,which was higher than that of primary liver cancer patients(15.38%),metastatic tumor patients(30.30%)and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients(16.67%);in patients with primary liver cancer and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,the positive rates of AFP detected by immunohistochemical technique were 84.62%and 75.00%,which were higher than those of hemangioma patients(25.00%)and metastatic tumor patients(33.33%);all the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Both special staining and immunohistochemistry techniques applied in tumor diagnosis have certain clinical effects,but the combined diagnosis of the two can significantly improve the effect of tumor diagnosis,and at the same time,different tumors can be differentiated according to the immunohistochemistry test results,which has good clinical significance and is worthy of reference.