城乡融合发展的减贫效应——基于四川省数据的分析

The Effect of Urban-Rural Integration on Poverty Reduction:Based on the Data of Sichuan Province

我国的城乡二元结构由来已久,农村的人才、资本等要素源源不断地流向城市,社会差距不断加大,农村贫困地区陷入了贫穷的恶性循环,产生了区域性贫困等社会问题。伴随着国家战略的不断调整与逐步深化,城乡二元结构问题逐渐得到改善,我国在向着城乡全面融合目标不断发展的同时,减贫事业也取得了丰硕的成果。从减贫实践来看,贫困地区的脱贫离不开城市对农村的反哺,本研究以四川省为例从理论和实证两方面探讨城乡融合与减贫的关系,以及城乡融合的减贫效应。研究结果表明:(1)城乡融合与减贫存在协同效应,城乡融合发展有明显的减贫效应;(2)城乡工资性收入比对贫困发生率的影响最大;(3)城乡居民消费支出比和城乡医疗保障支出比对贫困发生率的影响较大;(4)城乡经济总量和贫困发生率的关联程度较低;(5)城市化水平、城乡流通、技术进步和城乡社会保障等因素对贫困发生率的影响效果相近,影响程度处于中等水平。

China’s urban-rural dual structure has a long history,with factors such as rural talent and capital flowing continuously to the cities,and the social gap is becoming ever wider.Rural poor areas have fallen into a vicious cycle of poverty,resulting in several social problems such as regional poverty.With the continuous adjustment and gradual deepening of the national strategy,the issue of urban-rural dual structure has been increasingly improved.As China continues to develop towards the goal of comprehensive urban-rural integration,the cause of poverty reduction has also achieved fruitful results.From the perspective of poverty reduction practice,poverty alleviation in poor areas cannot be separated from urban and rural feedback.This study takes Sichuan Province as an example to explore the relationship between urban-rural integration and poverty reduction,as well as the effect of urban-rural integration on poverty reduction from both theoretical and empirical aspects.The results show that:(1)There is a synergy effect between urban-rural integration and poverty reduction,and urban-rural integrated development has obvious poverty reduction effect;(2)The wage income ratio in urban and rural areas has the greatest impact on the incidence of poverty;(3)The ratio of urban and rural residents’consumption expenditure and the ratio of urban and rural medical security expenditure have a greater impact on the incidence of poverty;(4)The correlation between urban and rural economic aggregate and poverty incidence is relatively low;(5)Factors such as urbanization level,urban-rural circulation,technological progress,and urban-rural social security have similar effects on the incidence of poverty,and the degree of influence is at a medium level.