3D扫描技术在隧道施工中的应用

Application of 3D Scanning Technology in Tunnel Construction

本文主要介绍了在新建湖州至杭州西至杭黄高铁连接线工程鹿山隧道施工中,由于该隧道长度较长地质较差且穿越富水断层破碎带,不但大大增加了施工难度和安全风险,而且使得隧道变形监控量测的工作量也随之增加。以往的变形监测需采用全站仪配合棱镜或者采用收敛计进行量测,不但工作效率低,而且测后的数据整理分析工作量也很大,观测点易损坏或丢失。洞内测量监测坐标系采用绝对坐标系,每次量测前均需进行重新建站,前期工作程序耗费时间较长。针对上述情况,项目部决定采用3D扫描技术(即三维激光扫描技术)进行洞内围岩变形施工监测。充分利用该技术耗时短、效率高等优点,不但可以快速完成隧道断面的变形监测工作,而且测后数据也采用计算机进行自动处理分析形成三维模型,使得技术人员能够及时、准确、直观地掌握隧道洞内变形收敛情况,快速为下一步施工提供数据支撑,最大程度地降低了施工安全风险,保证了施工安全,加快了施工进度。该技术也为后续类似施工提供了借鉴和参考。

This paper mainly introduces that during the construction of Lushan Tunnel of the newly-built Huzhou Hangzhou West Hangzhou Huangshan High Speed Railway Link Project,because the tunnel is long and the geology is poor and it passes through the water rich fault fracture zone,not only the construction difficulty and safety risk are greatly increased,but also the workload of tunnel deformation monitoring and measurement is increased.In the past,total station with prism or convergence meter was used for deformation monitoring,which was not only inefficient,but also required a large amount of data processing and analysis after measurement,and observation points were easy to be damaged or lost.The measurement and monitoring coordinate system in the tunnel adopts the absolute coordinate system,and the station needs to be rebuilt before each measurement.The preliminary work procedure takes a long time.In view of the above situation,the project department decided to use 3D scanning technology(i.e.3D laser scanning technology)to monitor the surrounding rock deformation in the tunnel.Taking full advantage of the advantages of this technology,such as short time consuming and high efficiency,it can not only quickly complete the deformation monitoring of the tunnel section,but also automatically process and analyze the measured data to form a three-dimensional model,so that technicians can timely,accurately and intuitively grasp the deformation convergence in the tunnel,quickly provide data support for the next step of construction,minimize the construction safety risk,and ensure the construction safety,The construction progress has been accelerated.This technology also provides reference for subsequent similar construction.