全科医学教学中融入遗传学教学的探索

Exploration of integrating genetics teaching into general practice teaching

目的探讨医学遗传学的教学在全科医学教育中的应用。方法选取28名全科医学规范化培训的住院医师,加授一学期的遗传学相关课程,按线上线下教学、线下门诊教学、案例教学及社区实践的方法进行教学,对授课前后的学生从遗传学知识、遗传思维能力、患者全面管理、精准医学理念四个方面评价教学效果。结果28名学生授课后的遗传学知识、遗传思维能力、患者全面管理及精准医学理念评分均明显高于授课前评分,差异均有统计学意义(t分别=4.66、3.80、3.17、12.71,P均<0.05)。结论全科教育融入遗传学教学对提高全科医学生对遗传性疾病的认识,提升精准医学的思维方式、参与出生缺陷的防控及防治慢性疾病发生与发展有重要作用。

Objective To explore the application of medical genetics teaching integrated into general practice educa⁃tion.Methods A total of 28 resident physicians with standardized training in general practice were selected to have one semester of genetics-related courses.The teaching methods including online and offline teaching,outpatient teaching,case-based teaching and community practice.The teaching effects were evaluated from four aspects including academic knowledge,genetic thinking ability,comprehensive management of patients,and concept of precision medicine.Results The scores of genetic knowledge,genetic thinking ability,overall management of patients and concept of precision medi⁃cine of the 28 students after the lecture were significantly higher than those before the lecture,and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.66,3.80,3.17,12.71,P<0.05).Conclusion The integration of genetics teaching into gen⁃eral practice education plays an important role in improving general practice students'understanding of hereditary diseas⁃es,improving the way of thinking of precision medicine,and participating in the prevention and control of birth defects.