摘要
建设国家公园是我国生态文明制度建设的重要内容,游客教育是国家公园的重要功能之一。基于文献分析以及归纳演绎法,从目标“亲向”性这一情感地理学或环境心理学角度,对国家公园游客教育的目标进行解构和重构,以探究各“亲向”行为的特征和交互关系,从而增进对国家公园游客教育目标的理解、认知及协同治理。研究结果表明:1)国家公园的国家符号性、生态功能性、景观代表性和遗产独特性的教育资源,在游客教育中与游客潜在的国家认同、生态亲近、景观审美和遗产探究的多重心理相契合,进而表征为游客的亲国家行为、亲生态行为、亲景观行为和亲遗产行为的4大“亲向”行为;2)亲国家行为居于高位引领地位,亲生态行为、亲景观行为、亲遗产行为虽然内涵各有侧重但紧密联系,三者构成了“共生性”“亲向”行为,并“反哺”亲国家行为。国家公园游客教育应从“硬件”和“软件”两大体系多方面融入国家、生态、景观与遗产元素,通过“自导式”和“向导式”综合教育方式,协同促进和提升游客的四大“亲向”行为。
The construction of national parks is an important part of China’s ecological civilization system,and tourist education is a significant function of national parks.Based on literature analysis and inductive-deductive methods,this article deconstructed and reconstructed the goals of tourist education in national parks from the perspective of emotional geography or environmental psychology of goal“pro”.The objective is to explore the characteristics and interactions of various“pro”behaviors’relationship to enhance understanding,awareness,and collaborative governance of national park visitor education goals.The research findings shown that:1)National parks represented educational resources for national symbols,ecological functions,landscape representation,and heritage uniqueness,and the multiple psychology of tourists’potential national identity,ecological closeness,landscape aesthetics and heritage exploration in tourist education.These were characterized by the four“pro”behaviors of tourists:pro-country behavior,pro-ecological behavior,pro-landscape behavior,and pro-heritage behavior;2)Pro-country behavior held a high leading position,while pro-ecological behavior,pro-landscape behavior were also essential.Although the connotations of pro-inheritance behaviors differed,they were closely related.The three constituted“symbiotic”“profavor”behaviors and“feedback”pro-country behaviors.National park tourist education should integrate national,ecological,landscape and heritage elements from the two major systems of“hardware”and“software”,and through the“self-guided”and“guided”comprehensive education methods,synergistically promote and enhance the four“pro”behaviors.
作者
李文明
敖琼
裴路霞
乐建成
LI Wenming;AO Qiong;PEI Luxia;LE Jiancheng(School of Tourism and Urban Management,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China)
出处
《自然保护地》
CSCD
2023年第1期71-81,共11页
Natural Protected Areas
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41661034)
江西财经大学第十六届学生科研课题(20210913220244382)。
关键词
国家公园
游客教育
“亲向”行为
生态保护
景观
遗产
national park
tourist education
“pro”behavior
ecological protection
landscape
heritage