国家公园生态管理研究

Research on Ecological Management of National Parks

自我国设立国家公园体制试点区以来,历经5年时间,于2021年正式设立了第1批国家公园,这标志着我国国家公园建设正式进入新的发展阶段。为落实生态文明建设任务,切实解决国家公园管理过程中的实际问题,使国家公园可持续发展,平衡人—社会—环境之间的矛盾,有必要引进生态管理理念。本文整理了各国关于生态管理的定义,介绍了国家公园生态管理的概念及其在国家公园管理方面的重要地位,并通过查阅文献的方式总结了国内外完整生态管理体系所包含的行政、法律、经济、社会、科学技术措施,探讨了国家公园生态管理的提升途径,以期为我国生态文明战略引领下的国家公园管理提供理论借鉴。

Since the establishment of China’s pilot national park system,it has taken five years to formally establish the first batch of national parks in 2021,signifying a new stage of development for national parks in the country.To achieve the goal of ecological civilization construction and effectively solve the practical problems in the process of national park management,to make national parks sustainable,and to balance the contradiction between the humansociety-environment,it is essential to adopt the philosophy of ecological management.This paper collated the definitions of ecological management from various countries,clarified the concept of ecological management for national parks and its important position in national park management,and summarized the administrative,legal,economic,social,scientific,and technological measures included in a complete ecological management system based on literature review.The aim is to explore ways to enhance ecological management of national parks in China and provide theoretical guidance.