胃肠积热合并肺炎大鼠脂肪组织变化情况的实验研究

Experimental study on the changes of adipose tissuein in rats with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome

目的本研究观测胃肠积热合并肺炎大鼠脂肪组织变化情况,及脂肪因子和炎症因子的水平。方法本研究选用28只SD大鼠,随机分为正常组、胃肠积热组、肺炎组、胃肠积热合并肺炎组进行造模。观察各组大鼠脂肪组织(附睾周脂肪、肩胛骨间脂肪、肾周脂肪)和肺组织病理改变,采用Western Blot检测脂肪组织、肺组织的脂肪因子(瘦素、脂联素)和炎症因子(肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、转化生长因子β1(transforming growth factor,TGF-β1))水平。结果与正常组相比,胃肠积热组大鼠肩胛骨间脂肪的脂肪分数升高(P<0.05);与肺炎组相比,胃肠积热合并肺炎组大鼠附睾周和肩胛骨间脂肪的脂肪分数升高(P<0.05)。与正常组相比,胃肠积热组大鼠脂肪组织病理可见明显的脂肪细胞肥大、增生,细胞大小不均,排列不整齐;与肺炎组相比,胃肠积热合并肺炎组大鼠的脂肪细胞也出现类似的变化。与正常组相比,胃肠积热组大鼠附睾周脂肪TNF-α升高(P<0.05),肩胛骨间脂肪、肾周脂肪和肺中瘦素、TNF-α、TGF-β1升高(P<0.05);与肺炎组相比,胃肠积热合并肺炎组大鼠附睾周脂肪脂联素降低(P<0.05),肩胛骨间脂肪瘦素、TGF-β1升高(P<0.05)、脂联素降低(P<0.05),肾周脂肪瘦素、TNF-α升高(P<0.05),肺中瘦素、TNF-α升高(P<0.05)、脂联素降低(P<0.05)。结论胃肠积热证态存在代谢与免疫的双重失衡,短期高热量饮食喂养的胃肠积热模型大鼠脂肪组织中可观测到营养物质异常积累,促炎/抗炎脂肪因子分泌水平改变,可能与全身的代谢性炎症、肺炎的免疫损伤加重相关。

Objective To observe the changes of adipose tissue in rats with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome and pneumonia,and to explain part of the scientific connotation of gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome based on adipose tissue.Methods 28 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:the normal group,the gastrointestinal heat retention group,the pneumonia group,the gastrointestinal heat retention with pneumonia group,established models.The method of HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of adipose tissue(periepididymal fat,scapular fat,perirenal fat)and lung tissue of rats in each group.Western blot was used to detect the levels of adipocytokines(leptin,adiponectin)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),transforming growth factor(TGF-β1)in adipose tissues and lung tissues.Results Compared with the normal group,the fat fraction of scapular fat in the gastrointestinal heat retention group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the pneumonia group,the fat fraction of periepididymal and scapular fat in gastrointestinal heat retention with the pneumonia group was also increased(P<0.05).Compared with the normal group,the adipose tissue of rats with gastrointestinal heat retention showed obvious hypertrophy and proliferation of adipocytes,uneven cell size and irregular arrangement.Compared with the pneumonia group,similar changes occured in the adipocytes of rats with gastrointestinal heat retention.Compared with the normal group,periepididymal fat TNF-α elevated(P<0.05),and scapular fat,perirenal fat,lung leptin,TNF-α and TGF-β1 was increased(P<0.05)in the gastrointestinal heat retention group.Compared with the pneumonia group,periepididymal fat adiponectin was decreased(P<0.05),scapular fat leptin,TGF-β1 was increased(P<0.05),adiponectin decreased(P<0.05),perirenal fat leptin and TNF-α were increased(P<0.05),and lung leptin,TNF-α was increased(P<0.05),adiponectin was decreased(P<0.05)in the gastrointestinal heat retention with pneumonia group.Conclusion Both metabolism and immunity are out of balance in the gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome.It was found that the adipose tissue of the model rats with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome had abnormal accumulation of nutrients and change of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory adipose factors secretion,which may be related to systemic metabolic inflammation and aggravating immune damage of pneumonia.