通过调整Maltase视标边缘RGB像素模拟图像离焦性质对人眼调节反应和瞳孔直径的影响

Influence of Image Defocus Propertites Simulated by Adjusting RGB Pixels at the Maltase Cross Edge on Accommodative Response and Pupil Diameter in Human Eye

目的:探究通过调整Maltase视标边缘RGB像素模拟图像离焦性质对人眼调节和瞳孔直径的影响。方法:横断面研究。随机纳入23例就读于北京大学医学部的健康大学生(男10例,女13例),年龄(21.5±1.3)岁,等效球镜度(-2.53±1.13)D。在1块LCD屏的中央随机呈现14个边缘RGB像素经过调整的Maltase视标。每位受检者分别完成这14个注视任务,每个任务的时长为3 min,使用开放视野红外验光仪连续测量注视过程中的调节反应和瞳孔大小。实际调节反应值与调节需求的差值为调节误差,以实际调节反应值的均方根(RMS)作为调节微波动。采用重复测量方差分析和由Bonferroni校正的事后两两比较来评估Maltase视标的极性、离焦性质和边缘RGB类型对调节误差、RMS值和瞳孔直径的影响。结果:视标边缘RGB像素对调节误差的影响不显著。RMS值在正极性和负极性时分别为(0.22±0.08)D和(0.27±0.11)D,差值为0.05 D(95%置信区间:0.03~0.06)D,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。极性、模拟的离焦性质和边缘类型对瞳孔直径的影响均有统计学意义(极性:F=19.41,P<0.001;离焦性质:F=6.42,P=0.019;边缘类型:F=8.89,P=0.005)。极性和离焦性质的交互作用对瞳孔大小有显著影响(F=8.59,P=0.008)。结论:人眼对于视标的极性和其模拟的视网膜正负离焦性质是敏感的,注视正极性视标相较于注视负极性视标表现出更小的RMS值和瞳孔直径。调整Maltase视标边缘RGB像素对瞳孔直径的影响大。

Objective:To explore the influence of image defocus simulated by adjusting the RGB pixels at the Maltase Cross edge on accommodative response and pupil size in the human eye.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,a total of 23 healthy young students(10 males and 13 females)studying at Peking University Health Science Center were included,with the mean age 21.5±1.3 years and mean spherical equivalent refractive-2.53±1.13 D.Fourteen Maltase Crosses with the edge RGB pixels adjusted were presented randomly at the center of an LCD screen.Each participant completed 14 visual tasks,with 3 minutes for each task.During the visual task,the accommodative response and pupil size were continuously measured by a binocular open-field autorefractometer.The accommodative error was determined by subtracting the real accommodative response from the accommodative demand,and the root mean square(RMS)value of the real accommodative response was calculated to determine microfluctuations.Repeated-measures ANOVA and post hoc pairwise comparisons using bonferroni correction were performed to assess the effect of polarity,defocus type,and edge RGB pixel type on accommodative error,microfluctuation,and pupil diameter.Results:The effect of different edge RGB pixel on accommodative error had no significant difference.The RMS value of positive polarity and negative polarity were 0.22±0.08 D and 0.27±0.11 D,respectively.And the difference was 0.05 D(95%confidence interval,0.03-0.06 D),showed statistically significant(P<0.001).Polarity,simulated defocus type,and edge RGB type had a significant effect on pupil diameter(polarity:F=19.41,P<0.001;defocus type:F=6.42,P=0.019;edge RGB type:F=8.89,P=0.005).The interaction between polarity and simulated defocus type significantly affected pupil diameter(F=8.59,P=0.008).Conclusions:The human eye was sensitive to polarities and simulated defocus types of visual targets.The RMS value and pupil diameter were smaller when the human eye was exposed to positive polarities compared with being exposed to negative polarites.Adjusting RGB pixels at the Maltase Cross edge affects the pupil diameter significantly.