产前超声对胎儿胸腺-胸廓比与圆锥动脉干畸形的关系探讨

Study on the relationship between fetal thymic-thoracic ratio and conotruncal malformation by prenatal ultrasound

目的:通过产前超声探讨胎儿胸腺-胸廓(Thymic-thoracic,TT)比与圆锥动脉干畸形的关系。方法:回顾性分析2019年1月—2020年12月期间249例单胎妊娠16~28周的孕妇,进行病例对照研究,通过产前超声测量圆锥动脉干畸形、非圆锥动脉干畸形以及对照组的TT比。对照组是由在产检时经超声评估无心脏及其他结构异常的正常胎儿组成。使用平均值、标准差描述连续变量,应用t检验,进行组间多重比较,绘制正常对照组TT比随胎龄变化的散点图,并利用Pearson相关性分析评估胎龄和TT比之间的可能关系,P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。结果:圆锥动脉干畸形的TT比较对照组显著降低(0.30±0.03,P<0.001),非圆锥动脉干畸形的TT比较对照组降低不明显(0.43±0.04,P>0.05)。结论:与正常胎儿和非圆锥动脉干畸形相比,圆锥动脉干畸形的TT比显著降低。

Objective:To explore the relationship between fetal thymic-thoracic(TT)ratio and conotruncal malformation by prenatal ultrasound.Methods:A total of 249 pregnant women with single pregnancy from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed,and a case-control study was conducted.The TT ratio of conotruncal malformation,non-conotruncal malformation and the control group was measured by prenatal ultrasound.The control group was composed of normal fetuses with no heart and other structural abnormalities assessed by ultrasound during the prenatal examination.The mean and standard deviation were used to describe continuous variables,and t test was used to make multiple comparisons between groups.The scatter plot of TT ratio with gestational age was drawn in the control group,and the possible relationship between gestational age and TT ratio was evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis.P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results:Compared with the control group(normal fetus),the TT ratio of conotruncal malformation decreased(0.30±0.03,P<0.001),while that of non-conotruncal malformation decreased not significantly(0.43±0.04,P>0.05).Conclusion:Compared with normal fetuses and non-conotruncal malformation,TT ratio of conotruncal malformation is significantly lower.