创业自我效能如何激发创业导向选择?--基于动态及开放市场环境的调节作用

How does Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy Stimulate Selection of Entrepreneurial Orientation?--Based on the Moderating Effects of Dynamic and Open Market Environment

基于社会认知理论和资源配置理论,探究创业自我效能对创业导向选择的作用机制,以及市场环境动态性和开放性的调节作用。结果发现:创业自我效能对创业导向选择有显著正向影响,即创业自我效能越高,创业者越偏好产品研发;创业自我效能各维度的影响大小排序依次为:关系感知、机会识别、能力感知和风险容忍;市场环境动态性的调节效应在不同类型的国家中存在显著差异,在OECD国家正向调节创业自我效能对创业导向选择的影响,而在非OECD国家负向调节两者之间的关系;市场环境开放性具有资源获取、约束降低、需求增加与竞争增强效应,正向调节创业自我效能对创业导向选择的影响。

Based on the social cognition theory and resource allocation theory,this paper explores the mechanism of entrepre-neurial self-efficacy on selection of entrepreneurial orientation,as well as the moderating effects of market environment dynamics and openness.Results show that entrepreneurial self-efficacy has a significant positive impact on selection of entrepreneurial orientation.The higher the entrepreneurial self-efficacy,the more entrepreneurs like product research and development.The influence of each dimension of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in order is relationship perception,opportunity identification,capability perception and risk tolerance.There are significant differences in the moderating effect of the market environment dynamics in dfferent countries.In OECD countries,market environment dynamics positively moderates the impact of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on selection of entrepreneurial orientation,while in Non-OECD countries it negatively moderates the relationship between them.The market environment openness has resource acquisition,constraint reduction,demand increase and competition enhancement effect,which can positively moderate the effect of entrepreneurial self-effi-cacy on selection of entrepreneurial orientation.