家庭生命周期与城市老年旅游消费——代际交互的调节作用

Family Life Cycle and Urban Elderly Tourism Consumption:the Moderating Effect of Intergenerational Interaction

中国老龄化程度进一步加深,老年旅游消费对经济发展的影响不断增强。文章利用2018年“中国健康与养老追踪调查”(CHARLS)数据,采用广义线性模型Probit构建回归模型,探讨了家庭生命周期与城市老年旅游消费的关系,并从代际交互视角对影响机制进行分析。结果表明:家庭生命周期是城市老年旅游消费的重要影响因素,对城市老年旅游消费具有一定预测力。城市老年旅游消费影响因素会随着家庭生命周期变化而动态调整。对于空巢家庭,儿女给予的经济支持与照顾孙辈的时间均正向影响城市老年旅游消费;独居老人与儿女共同居住时间越长,得到儿女的经济支持越多,城市老年旅游消费越高;满巢家庭,“在婚”状态的父母与儿女共同居住的时间对城市老年旅游消费有负面影响,而“单身”状态的父或母与儿女共同居住时间对城市老年旅游消费影响较小。文章拓展了家庭生命周期理论在旅游消费研究领域的应用,加深了对城市老年旅游消费行为的理解,为政府部门和旅游企业提升老年福祉与推动老年旅游市场发展提供了理论借鉴。

In the context of China’s deepening aging,the impact of elderly tourism consumption on economic development continues to grow.Based on the 2018“China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study”(CHARLS)data,this paper used the maximum likelihood estimation method to explore the relationship between the family life cycle and urban elderly tourism consumption,and the influence mechanism from the perspective of intergenerational exchange.The results show that the family life cycle is an important influencing factor of urban elderly tourism consumption,and has a certain predictive power on the elderly tourism consumption;the influencing factors of elderly tourism consumption will change with the evolution of the family life cycle;specifically,for empty-nest families,the economic support from children and the time spent taking care of grandchildren positively regulates tourism consumption;the longer the elderly living alone live with their children,the more financial support they receive from their children,and the higher the tourism consumption;for full-nest families,the time of living with children has a significant negative impact to tourism consumption to the parents who are in“married”status,while less impact to the parents who are in“single”status.This paper expanded the application of the family life cycle theory in the field of tourism research,deepened the research on the factors affecting the tourism consumption of the elderly,and provided a theoretical reference for government departments and tourism enterprises to improve the well-being of the elderly and promote the development of the elderly tourism market.