女性黄褐斑发病的危险因素分析及防治策略

Risk factors analysis and prevention and treatment strategy of female chloasma

目的探究女性黄褐斑发病的危险因素及防治策略。方法选取2021年5月—2022年4月间进入简阳市人民医院进行诊治的60例女性黄褐斑患者作为研究对象(黄褐斑组),同期在该院进行健康体检且无黄褐斑的女性208例作为对照组(非黄褐斑组),采用Logistic回归分析筛选黄褐斑发病的危险因素。结果单因素分析结果显示,黄褐斑组和非黄褐斑组年龄、睡眠情况、季节变化、豆类摄入、是否有糖尿病、肝功能是否正常、吸烟情况、是否饮酒无统计学差异(P>0.05),而遗传史、妊娠史、口服避孕药、日晒频率、防晒措施、情绪、护肤品使用情况等资料存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,遗传史(OR值2.794)、妊娠史(OR值3.399)、口服避孕药(OR值1.446)、日晒频率(OR值5.145)、防晒措施(OR值4.589)、情绪(OR值3.011)、护肤品使用情况(OR值3.621)等为黄褐斑发病的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论黄褐斑发病风险与遗传史、妊娠史、口服避孕药、日晒频率、防晒措施、情绪、护肤品使用情况等存在相关性,临床可据其制定相关措施对黄褐斑进行预防及治疗。

Objective To explore the risk factors and prevention strategies of female chloasma.Methods A total of 60 female patients with chloasma who entered our hospital for diagnosis and treatment between May 2021 and April 2022 were selected as the research subjects(the chloasma group).A total of 208 female patients were selected as the control group(non-chloasma group),and logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors of chloasma.Results Univariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference in age,sleep,seasonal changes,bean intake,diabetes,normal liver function,smoking and alcohol consumption between melasma group and non melasma group(P>0.05),while there were significant differences in genetic history,pregnancy history,oral contraceptives,sun exposure frequency,sun protection measures,mood,skin care product use and other data(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that genetic history(OR value 2.794),pregnancy history(OR value 3.399),oral contraceptives(OR value 1.446),sun exposure frequency(OR value 5.145),sun protection measures(OR value 4.589),emotion(OR value 3.011),use of skin care products(OR value 3.621)were risk factors for melasma(P<0.05).Conclusion There is a correlation between the risk of chloasma and genetic history,pregnancy history,oral contraceptives,sun exposure frequency,sun protection measures,mood,use of skin care products and other factors.Clinical measures can be formulated to prevent and treat chloasma according to the risk factors of chloasma.